Scientists at NUST MISIS (Moscow State University of Science and Technology) at the National Research Technology University of Russia used the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) method in "solution combustion" to develop nanomaterials with special properties. These materials can be widely used in fuels, solar cells, new-generation capacitors and energy storage devices, and new catalysts.
The team led by Prof. Alexander Mukathyan put the mixture of nickel nitrate and glycine in a high-porosity environment to allow them to react and obtain a catalyst that will not attenuate or be contaminated. The new catalyst can be used dozens of times more than normal catalysts. This method has now been patented. This catalyst is used in automobiles to reduce the emission of harmful substances.
In the past 10 years, nanotechnology has been booming, and nanomaterials are expected to be “excellent†in electronics, medicine, construction, military, and agriculture due to their unique properties, but to develop materials with specific nanometer dimensions (such as magnetic requirements of less than 10 nanometers). Requires specialized complex equipment and high energy consumption.
In view of this, scientists are actively investigating new methods for synthesizing nanomaterials - self-propagating high-temperature synthesis in solution or "solution combustion", that is, containing oxidants (nitrates) and reducing agents (solvents dissolved in water. The ingredients of amines, acids and amino acids interact to maintain an exothermic reaction (burning). In solution, the chemical reaction strongly expands until it disappears, forming the final nano product.
The process of burning and synthesis of materials has always been the focus of scientists. In 1967, a team led by Soviet scientist Alexander Merzhov discovered the process of combustion without the use of oxygen and oxides—self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. In the 1990s, the team led by Prof. Krishnar Patil of India discovered the “variation†of this method—the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method in solution. They used nitrate as the basis and added organic Combustibles glycine, sucrose, citric acid or urea, nanomaterials were obtained.
Ball valve is evolved from the plug valve, its opening and closing parts as a ball, using the ball to rotate 90 degrees around the axis of the stem to achieve the purpose of opening and closing, the difference is that the cock body is a ball, with a circular through hole or channel through its axis. The ratio of the sphere to the passageway should be such that when the ball is rotated 90 degrees, the inlet and outlet should be completely spherical, thus cutting off the flow.
The role of ball valve in the pipeline is mainly used to cut off, distribute and change the direction of media flow, designed into the V-shaped opening ball valve also has good flow regulation function.
Ball valve is not only simple in structure, good sealing performance, but also in a certain nominal range of small volume, light weight, less material consumption, small installation size, and driving torque is small, easy to operate, easy to realize rapid opening and closing, is one of the fastest developing valve varieties in recent decades. Especially in the United States, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, West, Britain and other industrial developed countries, ball valves are widely used, the variety and number of use is still continuing to expand, and to high temperature, high pressure, large mouth, high sealing, long life, excellent regulatory performance and a valve multifunctional direction, its reliability and other performance indicators have reached a higher level, And has partially replaced Gate Valve, Globe Valve, Regulating Valve.
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