Development overview and application environment of PVC micro-foaming technology in China and abroad

In the 1970s, Germany, Austria, and Italy represented the development of rigid PVC micro-foaming technology. Representative manufacturers include Krauss-Maffei and Badenfeld in Germany. (Battenfeid), Italy's Bausano, and AMUT. The above-mentioned manufacturers mainly develop twin-screw extrusion lines for processing rigid PVC micro-foamed sheets, pipes and other micro-foamed profiles with a width of more than one meter, mainly used in the interior decoration of cars, boats, airplanes and buildings. Water pipes, etc.

According to statistics, in 1996, the amount of PVc micro-foamed products in the major developed countries in Europe was 168,000 tons, and the US consumption was 75,000 tons. With the increase of people's awareness of the environment, the annual dosage is increasing at a rate of 15%, especially this. In the past few years, the US has increased its consumption more quickly, and it is basically able to replace this type of wood with the use of such profiles. Traders seeking processing in China are everywhere.

Japan, especially South Korea and Taiwan, began to promote this technology in the 1980s. Although it developed late, it was very fast. Mainly to develop single-screw extruder, and pay attention to the development and research of profile surface treatment technology, including various printing technologies, thermal transfer technology, film coating technology.

This product began to form small-scale industrialized production capacity by introducing foreign micro-foaming production equipment in the early 1990s. Most domestic manufacturers introduced micro-foamed sheet twin-screw extruders from Germany, Austria and Italy. The production line is mainly based on the extensive improvement and research of domestic manufacturers. In recent years, the single and twin-screw extruders suitable for domestic production have been developed in China, and the formula has also been added with the foreign products. Providing a good choice of space, making product quality a big step forward than abroad.

However, due to the influence of the development of downstream products and accessories of domestic products, coupled with the lack of environmental awareness among domestic people, the improvement of surface treatment technology and variety of products, most of the domestic manufacturers of imported equipment have not reached Intended purpose. In order to accelerate the further promotion and application of domestic PVC micro-foaming chemical bond materials, the State has set up a “National Chemical Building Materials Coordination Group” jointly composed by the Ministry of Construction, the State Chemical Industry Bureau, the National Building Materials Bureau, the National Light Industry Bureau and the Petrochemical Corporation. Responsible for the coordinated leadership of the development, development and application of chemical building materials throughout the country. Premier Zhu Rongji attaches great importance to the promotion and application of chemical building materials. He has made many important instructions on the work of the leading group of chemical building materials, pointing out that the chemical building materials industry should be regarded as a key supporting industry for the construction and housing industry, and further develop the housing industry. Drive the development of chemical building materials industry.

At present, the country divides chemical building materials into three categories: one is plastic steel doors and windows; the second is various plastic pipes and fittings; the third is various interior decorative materials and various waterproof materials. Among them, interior decoration materials mainly refer to PVC micro-foamed profiles with great development potential. In recent years, many domestic manufacturers have been digesting and absorbing foreign micro-foaming production technology and equipment. Preliminary research has been carried out on rigid PVC micro-foaming production equipment. Most of them have developed twin-screw production extrusion lines, which can be used for processing and processing wide width. PVC micro-foamed sheet and foamed tubing.

According to its own characteristics, Zhangjiagang Huida Plastic Machinery Co., Ltd. has concentrated on the excellent talents of machinery, mold, automatic control, plastic processing, polymer materials and other multi-disciplinary talents. Based on the full absorption of foreign technology, combined with China's national conditions, it has successfully developed a step. Method PVC micro-foaming single and twin-screw extrusion line, supporting micro-foaming special mold and formulating technology, the production line is especially suitable for processing small and medium-sized profiles, including various indoor and outdoor decorative materials and other chemical building materials. The utility model has the advantages of less investment, quick effect, easy technical grasp, high product simulation degree, high quality and low price, and various varieties.

Market Analysis China is a country with a large population and relatively scarce forest resources. Coupled with the lax control of forests in the past few years, the deliberate felling has caused serious damage to the ecological environment. In recent years, the country has begun to realize the seriousness of the problem, and has formulated forest protection laws and regulations in a timely manner, which has severely restricted excessive deforestation. A large-scale afforestation campaign has been launched nationwide, and the development and development of plastic-based wood projects have been strongly promoted and supported. With the strengthening of environmental awareness, this project will soon be promoted and applied throughout the country.

(1) Domestic market demand Synthetic wood can not only partially replace wood, but its latent social demand is very large. At present, synthetic wood has not been widely used, but in the near future people will gradually become familiar with it and will definitely shine in the market. .

In the international trade in 2003, buyers from some countries in the United States and Europe purchased large quantities of PVC micro-foamed profiles in China, indicating that this material has been recognized abroad and accepted the application field of replacing wood. In the absence of comparable in China, we temporarily calculate the actual demand by wood consumption: China's 91-year plan for wood production is 55 million cubic meters, and the planned unplanned 120 million cubic meters, a total of 175 million cubic meters, when synthetic wood replacement At 1%, it is 1.75 million cubic meters, equivalent to the annual demand of 1.19 million tons of synthetic wood. This is a very large number, although it is a relatively conservative estimate, but it reflects the huge demand for market potential. Experts estimate that 1300 cubic meters of wood is needed for every 10,000 square meters of building.

Every year, the construction is completed with 1 billion square meters and consumes 130 million cubic meters of wood. It is a large consumable. Still 1% is listed as a replacement for synthetic wood, the annual demand is 1.3 million cubic meters of synthetic wood, equivalent to at least 900,000 tons. At present, the output value of the building decoration industry has exceeded 100 billion yuan per year, and it is increasing at a rate of 3% per year. It is expected to reach 200 billion yuan in 2010. If synthetic wood accounts for 1% of the replacement level, it is 2 billion yuan.

Take Beijing as an example, with 3 million households, there are 30,000 households at one percentage point, and each family needs 5,000 yuan of synthetic wood for room decoration. There is a market demand of 150 million yuan, plus people nowadays. The improvement of living standards and the increasing requirements for the decoration of the house, together with the demand for furniture, consumes a large amount of wood every year. The replacement of synthetic wood gives the decorative materials a good sound for fireproofing, waterproofing and flame retardant. Good replacement.

(2) Market development prospects Synthetic wood can occupy the market with its excellent quality and low price, and can do diversified product development. Different secondary processing technologies can be used to develop different grades of products, which are fully applied to different environments. Currently, the products developed include various wood lines, floors, siding, ceiling panels, bathroom cuts, window sills, blinds, and Various types of furniture with complex geometric shapes.

A large number of profile products exported to the United States since 2003 have belonged to PVC micro-foamed profiles, which is also a key market for project development in recent years in the industry. A large number of foreign purchases have prompted China's PVC micro-foaming. The project has been continuously developed and it is the continuous development of the application field in China. With the increasing emphasis on micro-foamed synthetic wood, an environmentally-friendly high-tech project, and the increasing promotion of the project, coupled with the huge market for urban and rural residential construction in the country, it can be predicted that PVC micro-foamed synthetic wood Like steel doors and windows, it will have an extremely broad market prospect.

Product classification and molding process characteristics Hard PVC micro-foaming is divided into two categories according to different molding processes: free foaming and crust foaming (also known as CELUKa foaming). Foaming is the whole micro-foaming product extrusion process. The key is that it has nothing to do with how the additive is added, but with the viscosity and elasticity of the PVC melt, and the interaction of the blowing agent and the melt of the blowing agent.

The characteristics of free foaming are: the material is free to expand after being extruded from the machine head, and the product density is small, generally between 0.45 and 0.85. The surface of the product is matte and the surface hardness is small, and most of them are used as non-structural decorative materials. For example, wood-line products; the characteristics of crust foaming are: the material is subjected to strong cold immediately after extrusion from the die, thereby inhibiting the formation of surface cells, and at the same time shaping treatment to prevent cross-section increase In this way, a hard skin with a thickness of 0.5mm-0.8mm is formed on the surface of the product, and the die of the machine head is designed with a core, so that the space generated by the core after the extrusion of the material into the die is foamed and expanded, and the density of the product is generally At 0.65g/cm3 - 0.85g/cm3, the surface of the product has a high hardness and can be used as a profile for furniture, flooring, skirting boards and the like.

Investment cost and profit analysis (1), total investment: 3.793 million yuan of which: equipment 1.23 million yuan; plant 1400 square meters * 400 yuan = 560,000 yuan of activity funds 2 million yuan (2), annual sales revenue: 13.25 million yuan Various types of wire: 100 tons; 20,000 yuan / ton = 2 million yuan of various types of plates: 750 tons; 15,000 yuan / ton = 11.25 million yuan (3) annual cost 1 raw materials: PVC mixture 7500 yuan / ton (raw material 8000 yuan) ) Annual: 7500 yuan / ton; 1000 tons / year = 7.5 million yuan / year 2 years depreciation and interest: equipment is calculated in 10 years, the annual rent of the plant is calculated at 100,000 yuan, and the loan interest is calculated at 7%. 123.3; 10+10+200×7%=36.33 million 3 staff salary: 1000 yuan/month; 12 months; 46 people=552,000 yuan 4 utility bill: 1200 yuan/ton*1000 tons=1.2 million yuan 5 value added Tax: (1325-750); 1.17; 0.17 = 835,500 yuan 6 enterprise management fee: (office, travel, books and newspapers) to extract 1325 according to 5%; 5% = 662,500 yuan 7 advertising fee: (according to 3%) 1325;3%=39.75 million yuan total: 115.08 million yuan; (4) Annual economic benefit: 13.25 million yuan -1151.08=173.92 million yuan (5) Investment recovery period (total investment + annual interest)÷ (annual profit + year) Depreciation) = (379.3 + 14); (173.92 + 12.3) = 393.3; 186.22 = 2.11 According to the above calculations, the factory can recover 0.48 yuan per dollar investment, and the total investment can be recovered in about 2.11 years.

Heat Treated Steel Bar And Tube

Heat treated steel bar is produced by heating and cooling in different temperature based on the steel grades to improve the steel bar mechanical properties or machinability for various industrial applications. Heat treated steel bar includes annealed steel bars, Normalized Steel Bar, quenched and temper qt steel bar.

Annealed Steel Bar has better ductility and lower hardness, which can be easier to be machined. The annealing processing is usually widely used for steel grade with higher carbon content above 0.5%. However, some low carbon steel also requires to do annealing for special usage such as 20CrMnTi gear steel. For some special material such as 20CrMnTi gear steel and GCr15 such bearing steel, spheroidizing annealing is often required.

Normalized steel bar sometime is also one kind of annealing processing. It mainly changes the grain to remove the impurities in steel and improves the strength and hardness. For some hot rolled steel bars, to keep the basic mechanical properties, normalizing is often used.

Quenching and Tempering, abbreviated as Q&T is a king of processing that strengthen or harden steel bars by heating the materials and then cooling in water, oil or other liquid medium, that rapidly the change from austenite to perlite to get the proper properties for various usage. The quenched & tempered steel bar materials are usually with carbon from 0.30% - 0.60%, it is widely used as merchant bars in components of various machines.

Our advantages on producing heat treated steel bars:

1) Big stocks of hot rolled round bars or wire rods as raw materials

2) Wide range of Cold Drawn Steel Bar sizes: from 10mm to 150mm

3) Different cold drawing medias powder or oil to get different surface

4) Straightening machines to get better straightness up to 0.5mm/m

5) Grinding and polishing machines to get better roughness upto 0.4um

6) Heat treating furnaces to adjust the mechanical properties

7) Full sets of testing equipment to test the sizes, mechanical properties and microstructure.

8) Multiple packages to avoid broken packages and anti-rusty

Heat Treated Steel Bar And Tube

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