Russian Civil Aviation Airport Firefighting Equipment

In the event of an accident in the air, improving the efficiency of the rescue of passengers and crew members on the aircraft is a multifaceted issue. Developing the most effective fire-fighting lifesaving equipment for civil airports is one of the directions for solving the problem. Assurance of the fulfillment of current domestic and international standards is an overall standard for the development of these technologies.

Before the 21st century, there were three main types of fire engines for civil aviation airports in Russia: the chassis was 3H . 7I . 131 AA. 40 (131) 139 a; chassis KAMA3 - AA_40 43105 (the 43105) and a chassis 189 MA3 - 7310 of AA-60 (7310) 160 a. 01 , and then made some improvements based on these types of vehicles.

Above these types of cars are 1970 and 1980, the development of production equipment to the Soviet Union after the airport, their main advantage is the strong capacity. But at the time, these cars had some deficiencies that prevented them from entering. Steps to use, this is the poor mobility and speed, especially AA . 60 (7310) . 160 . 01 . This deficiency makes the civil aviation airport's fire-fighting equipment for emergency rescues not meet the requirements set out in the Russian Civil Aviation and International Civil Aviation Organization Standards, that is, requiring the airport fire engines to launch at any point of the runway, that is, receiving an alarm. The time to fire the fire extinguishing agent to the fire cannot exceed 180 s . In the future, the International Civil Aviation Organization will also propose to shorten the development time of fire trucks to 120 s .

In order to ensure that the use of the above-mentioned types of fire engines can be carried out within a specified time (180 s) on extended landing strips ( or two runways ) , so-called compensation measures have been used, both before and now, as an alternative measure. The essence is to build additional emergency rescue stations ( fire-fighting garages ) at the airport , increase the number of fire engines, or organize fire engines on the open air near the runway. This is mandatory and costly. It should be said that the open-air duty of fire engines is restricted under the cold conditions in Russia. It can only be realized if the frequency of landing on the runway is not high and the time for the fire truck to leave the garage is not long.

1 Civil Airport Modern Airport Fire Engine

The above situation and the actual depletion of existing fire engines require the development and upgrading of Russian airport fire engines. The new generation of fire engines should be technically close to similar foreign products. The main problem that should be solved at this time is to choose a chassis with a fast speed and a high speed. Based on the calculation of the experimental results of the Russian airport and the recommendations of the International Civil Aviation Organization, we came to the conclusion that the maximum speed of the airport heavy-duty fire engines must not be lower than 105 km / h in order to reach the required time for the Russian airport . The speed up to 80 km / h must not exceed 35 s .

2006--2009 year at the initiative of the Moscow Aviation Center (Shen column Soyo homes airport,多莫捷多沃airport, Funukewo airport), in support of the Russian transport and aviation regulatory development, production and tested Airport fire engines that meet the above airport requirements. Participate in the development of the company: R08enbauer (Austria), Sides (France), IVEC0 · MAGJ · RUS (Illy - Germany) and OSHKOSH CORP (USA). The main tactical technical parameters of foreign-produced airport fire engines approved by Russia are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 .

Figure l Production of airport fire engines in Russia and other countries

Table l Airport fire engines developed and approved by 2006-2000 Russian Civil Aviation

2007--2009, the Russian production company fire engines also produce a new fire truck. Worth mentioning is the heavy-duty airport fire engine developed by Ural Fire Technology. They designed, produced and tested IVEC0 and KAMA3 . The 6560 chassis models are AA · 12 / 60 (1VEC0) and AA · 13 / 60 (6560) fire engines. These fire engines are characterized by their high speed and capacity, especially AA . 13 / 60 (6560) type fire engines. The above-mentioned fire engines were approved by the Russian civil aviation and are now being sold to Russian airports.

In 2009 , Russia's "Firefighting Technology" company and Minsk wheeled trailer factory jointly produced the model AA - 13 . 5 / 100 (6902) Airport fire trucks were completed and approved by the Russian Civil Aviation. K3KT was used in the development of this car . The chassis of 6902 , which is characterized by a combination of powerful traffic capacity and speed and speed performance. From the data in Table 1, we can see that AA . 13 . 5/100 (6902) The main tactical and technical performance type of airport fire engines less than similar foreign products, in full compliance with ICAO standards.

The results of the comprehensive airport fire truck test results and the data in Table 1 indicate that the acceleration and speed parameters recommended by ICAO and the conditions for ensuring that the fire engine is developed within the specified time are the unit power values ​​of the fire engine ( chassis engine power and fire engine vehicle mass ratio) of not less than 18 hp / t (preferably not less than 20 hp / t).

2 Evaluation and Selection of Foam Extinguishing Agents for Aircraft Extinguishing

Airport fire trucks used air-mechanical foam on aircraft first. They were obtained from different levels of foam. Therefore, in order to ensure the maximum efficiency of suppressing the fire on the ground of the aircraft, the types of foam extinguishing agents used by airport fire brigades need to be evaluated. select.

2 . 1 evaluation

There are two main indicators for the suitability of certain foam fire extinguishing agents for aircraft fire assessment and certification requirements: 1 Foam agent fire extinguishing effect refers to the lowest density of foam fire extinguishing agent, using a low multiple foam extinguishing agent to extinguish fuel burning under the aircraft. In the case of fire, 90 % of the extinguishing agent was controlled within 60 s ; the stability of the multiple foam extinguishing agent in cement was maintained at 90 % of the original height of the foam layer .

The following index values ​​are currently specified: 1 The minimum density of foam fire extinguishing agent should not exceed 0 . 14 L / (m2 · s) ; 2 foam stability ≥ 50 min .

These values ​​are based on the results of large-scale fire tests on aircraft and are in full compliance with the provisions of the International Civil Aviation Organization.

2 . 2 choice

The evaluation and selection of foam extinguishing agents for aircraft fire extinguishing is based on special methods. Small-area aviation fuel fire extinguishing experiments are carried out and extrapolated calculations are made on the basis of the results obtained from large-scale fires on aircraft. At present, the airport fire brigade has conducted fire extinguishment of aircrafts and helicopters. A series of domestic foam extinguishing agents have been evaluated and approved for use. The types and parameters are shown in Table 2 . Other foam fire extinguishing agents have also been evaluated and may be recommended if they are effective.

Table 2 Approved foam extinguishers for aircraft fire extinguishing

3 must develop new products

Finally, we would like to point out that despite the fact that the Russian airport has achieved some achievements in equipping new types of fire-fighting equipment, the scientific research unit manufacturers and users still face an important task, that is, one day. An aviation accident that accompanies the fire will increase the efficiency of saving people. This task requires us to continuously carry out technological innovations.

This article comes from "Firefighting Technology and Product Information" and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.