U.S. Develops Bacterial Biofuel Technology
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According to American media, you may not use this kind of sugar for cooking, but from the perspective of biofuels, the sugar is very sweet. Helio Biosystems of the San Francisco Bay Area, USA, has applied for a patent on a group of three single-celled organisms similar to algae. When these three single-cell organics grow together, a large amount of sugar can be produced for the production of biofuels. Sandia National Laboratories is helping the company to research and make large-scale cultivation of these organics successful.
According to the American Daily Science website on August 21, the demand for clean renewable energy has led to a large number of studies on algae. Algae are an ideal source of biofuel because they do not compete with crops for soil, water or other resources. In general, water suitable for algae cultivation is not suitable for agricultural production. The purpose of algae farms is to produce large quantities of biomass to convert it into fuel, chemicals or other biological products.
In contrast, Helio Biosystems will use a biomaterial called cyanobacteria to produce biofuels. Before the beginning of the 20th century, this organic material was always mistaken for algae. Like algae, colonies of cyanobacteria grow in water and they have been mistakenly called "blue-green algae." But unlike algae, these marine cyanobacteria can release large amounts of sugar directly to the water they grow.
Ryan Davies, a biochemist at Sandia National Laboratories, said that typical algae activity can produce 1 gram of biomass per liter of water. Small tests on cyanobacteria have shown that they can produce 4 to 7 grams of sugar per liter of biomass, almost 7 times the concentration of typical algae. Therefore, cultivating cyanobacteria is higher than cultivating biomass.
Filtering sugar from water is simpler than extracting biomass from large amounts of algae and therefore costs less. Sugar is more easily converted to various chemicals and fuels than biomass. In addition, the blue fungus does not need extra fertilizer to release sugar. These cost-saving features will make biofuels competitive in oil.
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