Room temperature infrared detector using graphene surface plasma

Iowa State University has developed a controller that uses graphene surface plasma to detect infrared light, which can effectively solve the problems of slow response speed, low spatial resolution, and inability to work at room temperature of traditional infrared detectors.

The detector consists of two structures: graphene nanodisk and graphene nanoribbon, and the two are alternately connected to form a tight sensor array. Among them, graphene nanodisks, as surface plasmon resonators, can strongly absorb infrared light, and will generate resonant surface plasmons after being excited by infrared light resonance. The surface plasma will then decay, generating hot electrons. Graphene nanoribbons with a certain band gap are the key to detect these thermal electrons. Due to the randomly formed edge roughness or charge impurities in the graphene nanoribbons, the band gap will change, forming a series of disordered barriers. These barriers hinder the transition of cold electrons, but do not affect hot electrons. Infrared light can be detected using electrical signals generated by hot electrons.


Structure diagram of the detector, where GND is graphene nanodisk and GNR is graphene nanoribbon

This graphene infrared detector has the advantages of high sensitivity, small size, and fast response speed. It meets the traditional nano-manufacturing process standards, can be mass-produced, and can be used for high-speed thermal imaging and free space communication.

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