Introduction to the basic knowledge of liquid crystal polymer (LCP) plastics
LCP, Chinese name is liquid crystal polymer. It is a new type of polymer material that generally exhibits liquid crystallinity in the molten state. These materials have excellent heat resistance and molding processability.
The liquid crystal can be further classified into a lyotropic liquid crystal polymer and a thermotropic liquid crystal polymer. The former is in a liquid crystal state in a solvent, and the latter is in a liquid crystal state due to a change in temperature. The thermotropic liquid crystal polymer is developed after the lyotropic liquid crystal polymer, and has excellent comprehensive performance, and can be subjected to injection molding and extrusion molding. The liquid crystal polymer molecules have a hard main chain, densely packed between molecules, and are highly oriented during the molding process, so they have a small coefficient of linear expansion, a low molding shrinkage ratio, and a very strong strength and elastic modulus and excellent resistance. Heat, with a high load deformation temperature, some can be as high as 340 ° C or more. LCP is also excellent in chemical resistance and air tightness. In addition, some liquid crystal polymers have certain special functions, such as photoconductive liquid crystal polymers, functional liquid crystal polymer separation membranes, and biological liquid crystal polymers. Generally, the thermotropic liquid crystal polymer has a good fluidity and is easy to process. The molded product has a sheath-core structure peculiar to a liquid crystal polymer, and the resin itself has a fiber property and has a high orientation in a molten state, so that it can exert a fiber-reinforced effect. This is also the most striking feature of liquid crystal polymers. In this aspect of research, China is still in its infancy, and there is very little information on this aspect. At present, only a few countries such as Japan, the United States, and the United Kingdom are in mass production.
The main uses of liquid crystal polymers are:
Because of its high strength, high rigidity, high temperature resistance, electrical insulation and so on, it is used in electronics, electrical, optical fiber, automotive and aerospace. The fiber made of liquid crystal can be used as a fish net, bulletproof clothing, sporting goods, brake pads, optical fiber display materials, etc., and can also be made into a film for soft printed circuits, food packaging, and the like. Thermotropic liquid crystal polymers can also be blended with a variety of plastics. The liquid crystal polymers in these blends act as fiber reinforcement, which can greatly improve the strength, rigidity and heat resistance of the materials.
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