“The Henan Provincial Government proposed two months ago that it would adopt a power subsidy policy for the five major electrolytic aluminum companies including Shenhuo Group. Although there has been no formal subsidy notice, the subsidy part of the electricity bill can be postponed. On July 31, a middle-level person from the Shenhuo Group, the largest electrolytic aluminum company in Henan Province, told the China Business Journal.
Although Henan's policy on preferential electricity prices is “only windy and rainlessâ€, the reporter has learned that relevant government departments in Guangxi, Guizhou, Ningxia, Shaanxi and other provinces have proposed to provide supportive electricity price policies for high-energy-consuming industries.
In June 2011, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on Regulating the Regulation of Electricity Price Orders", which clearly stated that "resolutely stop all localities from introducing preferential tariff measures." However, at present, the implementation of preferential electricity prices by high-energy-consuming enterprises has re-emerged.
In the view of many industry insiders, under the background of increasing downward pressure on the economy, industrial power consumption continues to be sluggish, and local governments are helping the “large electricity consumersâ€, hoping to stimulate economic growth while resolving the contradiction between power supply and demand.
However, in the context of the euphemism of downstream demand, this approach of local government is tantamount to “drinking thirstâ€. Between “steady growth†and “reduced energy consumptionâ€, local governments and the central government have similar game patterns similar to real estate regulation.
High energy consumption, preferential price, resurrection
The electrolytic aluminum industry is a traditional “large electricity userâ€, while Henan Province is the province with the largest output of electrolytic aluminum in China.
"Electricity subsidies are directly related to profit or loss for our electrolytic aluminum enterprises." A middle-level person from Henan Shenhuo Group told this reporter that as early as more than two months ago, the company got a copy about it. The contents of the meeting minutes of the Henan Provincial Government, which proposed to implement preferential electricity price policies for the five electrolytic aluminum backbone enterprises of Shenhuo Group, Zhongfu Group, Wanfang Group, Yugang Longquan and Wanji Aluminum. The initial plan is to subsidize electricity per kilowatt hour. 8 cents or so. Although the specific policy has not been issued, but since July, the company has implemented a policy of deferred payment of electricity.
It is understood that Henan's specific preferential policies for electrolytic aluminum enterprises are: in the next seven months, if the aluminum price is lower than 17,500 yuan / ton, the electrolytic aluminum enterprises using the grid electricity can hold over 0.08 yuan per kilowatt hour; Above 17500 yuan / ton will no longer pay the electricity fee; while the aluminum price exceeds 18,000 yuan / ton, it is necessary to gradually repay the electricity fee paid in advance. According to relevant data of the Shanghai Futures Exchange, the current domestic aluminum price is about 15,540 yuan / ton, which is far lower than the "red line" of the 17,500 yuan / ton of overdraft electricity tariffs set by Henan Province.
In fact, the preferential policies for electricity consumption of large industrial households in Henan Province are not just cases, and the preferential policies of other provinces and cities are even stronger.
A person in charge of the Guizhou Provincial Economic and Information Committee told the reporter that the specific policy, Guizhou Province has implemented the "bumpy electricity price policy", in the wet season from June to October, this year plans to give the grid company 3.5 The subsidy of 100 million yuan will ensure that the electricity price of large industrial users will be reduced by 10% during the wet season. At the same time, in the dry season from December this year to April next year, we will back up large-scale enterprises by reducing the price increase of electricity prices. After the implementation of this policy, Guizhou Electrolytic Aluminum Plant implemented a electricity price of 0.47 yuan / kWh, a discount of 0.05 yuan / kWh.
On July 26th, the Shaanxi Provincial Government Information Office held a press conference. Fan Weibin, member of the Party Committee and Chief Engineer of the Shaanxi Provincial Development and Reform Commission, said that Shaanxi Province will take measures to increase investment, promote consumption and improve the investment environment in the second half of the year to promote the economy. Development progress.
Not long ago, the Shaanxi Provincial Price Bureau formulated and issued the “Implementation Opinions on the Use of Price Policies to Promote Steady and Rapid Growth of the Economyâ€, which proposed that in the current economic downturn pressure and surplus power supply, it is necessary to use electricity during peak hours. The policy of using differential electricity prices to limit production is appropriately adjusted to provide a “supportive electricity price policy†for energy-consuming industries with sales and market.
Not only that, our reporter learned that Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Sichuan, Fujian and other places have also adopted measures to encourage electricity, electricity price subsidies, and direct supply of large users to support the local high-energy-consuming industries. Large households can safely use electricity to maximize production capacity.
Electricity price subsidy is difficult to solve the industry supply and demand dilemma
Honggu District of Lanzhou City and Minhe County of Qinghai Province are famous “metallurgical valleys†in the northwest region. There are more than 100 high-energy-consuming enterprises such as ferroalloy, ferrosilicon and electrolytic aluminum, but now more than half of the small ferrosilicon The ferroalloy project has been discontinued.
"The biggest problem now is not whether the production cost such as electricity price can be further reduced, but the problem of who the product is produced and sold to." For the lack of downstream demand, the terminal price is low, and the owner of a private ferrosilicon factory in Minhe County is suffering. Unspeakable.
Laoliang believes that the price of electricity is as low as possible, but the cost of the product is lower and there is no demand in the downstream. These ferrosilicon plants are only one step away from the suspension of production.
Han Xiaoping, chief information officer of China Energy Network, said in an interview with this reporter that an important reason behind the encouragement of high-energy-consuming enterprises to use electricity is that the electricity that is sent out can't be sold. Since the electricity generated by power companies cannot be stored for a long time, high-energy-consuming industries are regarded as the main force driving demand for electricity.
Zhuo Chuang Information Commodity Analyst Fang Juntao told this reporter that high-energy-consuming industries such as electrolytic aluminum and metallurgy are pillar industries of some local governments. Taking Henan Province as an example, in 2011, the electricity consumption of electrolytic aluminum was 53.9 billion kWh, accounting for 30% of the electricity consumption of heavy industry in Henan. After the increase in electricity prices in 2011, the domestic electrolytic aluminum industry is currently in a general loss situation. The cost of power generation is the cost of the electrolytic aluminum industry, accounting for about 40%. If the enterprise electricity price is reduced by 8 cents per degree, the smelting cost per ton of electrolytic aluminum will drop by about 1,000 yuan.
Stimulated by the increase in power subsidies, the output of electrolytic aluminum increased against the trend. On July 23, the data released by the National Development and Reform Commission for the first half of the year showed that the national output of electrolytic aluminum was 9.51 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 9.7%. Not only that, the output of metals such as copper, lead and alumina all showed different increases.
It is worth mentioning that in the first half of this year, the prices of major non-ferrous metals all showed a downward trend. Affected by this, in the first five months of this year, the non-ferrous metals industry realized a profit of 68.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 11.7%. Among them, the profit of non-ferrous smelting and processing industry was 41.8 billion yuan, a decline of 19.3%.
Han Xiaoping believes that although the output continues to grow, the serious problem at hand is that the current economic situation at home and abroad is sluggish, the downward pressure on the economy is increasing, and the extremely low demand in the non-ferrous metal market is difficult to improve in a short period of time. Under such a background, local governments have increased the output of high-energy-consuming industries such as electrolytic aluminum by implementing preferential policies for electricity consumption, which is tantamount to “drinking and quenching thirstâ€.
Deep game between local and central policies
"We originally hoped to be able to adjust the current electricity policy, so we have issued an implementation opinion, but at present, we are facing some difficulties in the specific implementation." An official of the Shaanxi Provincial Price Bureau was interviewed by this reporter. It is said that because the price of industrial electricity is uniformly formulated by the National Development and Reform Commission, local governments do not have the power to subsidize the use of electricity companies privately. Therefore, although they have already announced that they will make adjustments, there is still no progress.
It can be said that between “steady growth†and “reduced energy consumptionâ€, local governments and the central government have similar game patterns similar to real estate regulation. In this game, "electricity" has become an important bargaining chip for both sides. On the one hand, local governments hope that enterprises will increase investment to maintain economic growth. On the other hand, the central government is still advancing the elimination of backward production capacity to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction targets.
As early as June 2011, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on Regulating the Regulation of Electricity Price Orders", clearly stating "Resolutely stop the measures for preferential tariffs issued by various localities." It is pointed out that local governments and relevant departments cannot arbitrarily set adjustments to electricity prices, cannot introduce them themselves and implement preferential electricity price measures. At the same time, they cannot arbitrarily carry out pilot projects for direct supply of large users, or reduce the price of electricity for enterprises in disguise under other names.
“Although the current economic situation is completely different from last year, for the preferential electricity price, the original documents are of course valid before the new documents are released.†An official of the National Development and Reform Commission, who did not want to be named, was interviewed by reporters. Said.
However, from the situation of the preferential electricity price measures that have been implemented in several provinces mentioned above, the local government is “contrary to the regulations of the National Development and Reform Commissionâ€.
In the face of the “returning†trend of local high-energy-consuming industries, the central government is also aware of it. Our reporter learned that in mid-July, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Opinions on Further Strengthening Industrial Energy Conservation Work", requiring all regions to accelerate the establishment and improvement of the "punitive electricity price policy mechanism."
Han Wenke believes that the purpose of formulating a punitive electricity price policy mechanism is to contain high-energy-consuming industries, and to meet the "12th Five-Year Plan" energy-saving emission reduction targets, still face severe challenges. The data show that last year, China's industrial energy consumption above designated size accounted for 73.74% of the total energy consumption in the country, and energy consumption in high energy-consuming industries accounted for 78.9% of industrial energy consumption, far higher than the highest proportion of the world's major economies in the process of industrialization. Continue to rise.
“Before the central government has issued a lot of documents on energy reduction, energy conservation and emission reduction, in fact, most provinces and cities have not completed their work.†According to Qi Zhicheng, a researcher at the Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, the domestic economy continues to decline. The price of energy products also showed a significant decline, which also provided an opportunity for the adjustment and reform of the industrial structure. It is foreseeable that the economic downturn and the local government game, or the introduction of punitive tariff rules will continue to be difficult to produce.
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