Coating knowledge entry series construction articles

1. What to do before painting a wall Before you paint, you must pre-treat the wall. The treatment of the old and new walls is also different.
New cement walls generally should not be painted immediately. If construction is urgently needed, the surface of the cement can be washed with 15 to 20% zinc sulfate or zinc oxide solution several times. After drying, the precipitated silt floating particles are removed and washed with clean water. Dry thoroughly before painting. Rinse well with water. It's best to scrape it with interior wall putty. note:
Because the new cement wall has been built well and the moisture content is high, it usually takes one month for the construction to be completed. At this time, if you paint, you may not see the problem now, but without using it for 2 months, the wall will crack. The surface of old cement walls can be cleaned with wire brushes and putty knives to remove floating particles, garbage, and oil, and then washed with water. The cracks or bumps are washed with dilute sodium hydroxide solution and rinsed with water. Afterwards, scrape it with a wall putty, insert a flat crack, dry it, and then paint again. What brushing method 2. The selection of the paint brush tool <br> how to use the manual will indicate, we must pay attention to look at the construction. The correct coating method is one of the keys to good coating. In general, home decoration is mainly brush and roller. Brush painting refers to painting methods in which a certain amount of paint is applied after brushing a certain viscosity paint with different specifications. Brushing and saving materials, simple operation, easy to grasp, flexibility, wide adaptability, but the effect is low, the coating film decoration effect is poor, mainly applicable to fast drying volatile coating. Roller coating is a roller made of wool or other porous adsorbent material and is coated with paint on the surface of the object. High solids, high viscosity coatings can be applied by the roll coating method. They are characterized by low solvent consumption, low contamination, and high construction speed. They are suitable for large-area coating, but the corners need additional coating. The use of roller coating should pay attention to control the viscosity of the paint and rolling speed, otherwise it is easy to produce blistering. The most commonly used wall paints are roller coating methods. In general, brush painting methods are mostly used for wood products. In addition, the paint is also quietly popular, the advantage is uniform brushing, the disadvantage is to spend paint. 3. When do you paint the wall?
Try not to work in a wet environment, so everyone remembers to avoid construction on rainy days.
Paints should be protected from strong wind, rain, and dust during painting and drying. Doors and windows should be opened during construction to maintain good ventilation conditions. Before painting, check whether the wall has been cleaned. Select the appropriate diluent and dilution method according to the instructions during construction. Mix thoroughly and stir well. It is best to try it. If there is a primer, apply primer at the time of construction, wait until the primer is completely dry (usually more than 6 hours), and then paint it. After the film is dry, check if it needs repair. Because of the different properties of each coating, construction should be performed in accordance with the instructions on the construction instructions. Generally, the best construction is at a temperature of 23 degrees Celsius and a relative humidity of about 50%. With latex paint, it is not appropriate to paint when the wall surface temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius. Note <br> After the paint is dry, the wall surface should be soft in color, with no obvious color difference, no pan-alkali, back color, brush pattern, no significant trachoma, drop, splash, splash. If this happens, it is best to rework. 4. Wall plaster should grasp the details:
Foaming, cracking, and peeling on the walls are among the most common problems for consumers. Not long after the renovation, the wall or the top of the house began to blistering, cracking, and peeling. What is the reason? Professionals point out that in general, the use of high-quality paint, the wall can be used normally for 5 to 8 years. The occurrence of blistering, cracking, and peeling problems in a short period of time is not normal. There are many reasons for these problems, and it is necessary to analyze them according to actual conditions. Experts remind consumers that when looking at a wall decorated with flour, this one should be sure to paint details.
Foaming on the wall Problem: There are sand-like small bubble bulges on the blistered wall. This can be caused by: Adding too much pigment or miscellaneous materials in the paint mix; Paint bucket, brush, roller, or spray gun Clean; before the paint finishes completely dry, moisture penetrates and the paint film loses adhesion; the wall surface before brushing is not cleaned. Solution: Avoid painting in high humidity seasons or in the weather. When brushing, you must wait for putty or first coat of paint to dry before applying a layer; clean the construction environment before the construction of the latex paint, and clean the wall surface. Wall peeling problems are mainly due to: poor construction workers work skills; putty, paint adhesion properties or poor shrinkage.
Solution: First of all, pick a good quality water-resistant putty. These putties have high whiteness, good water resistance, high bonding strength, no peeling, no chalking, no peeling after use, and can solve the wrinkles of wall peeling; at least two or three scrapes of putty are required before painting latex paint; Gypsum powder plus 108 glue can increase the viscosity. Another point, it is recommended that consumers paint special. The interior wall latex paint has high requirements on scrub resistance, and it is easier to contaminate the wall in home life and can be wiped with water at any time. The interior wall paint does not have the anti-sun function, so it cannot be used to paint the exterior wall. The main reason for the cracking of the wall is that it may be due to the shrinkage of the putty. Before the construction, the putty is not dry enough to scratch the putty, and the second time the putty is not dry enough to paint, causing the putty to dry and shrink. Solution: The construction should wait until the putty is dry and then scrape again. The thickness of the putty should not exceed 2 mm. Rework and repair should be scraped first cracked, and then putty scraper, putty and then painted finish. 5, coating properties and construction:
Indoor wall paint can be divided into several categories: low-grade water-soluble paint. Common are 106 and 803 coatings. Such coatings have the advantages of being inexpensive, non-toxic, and convenient to construct. But the disadvantage is poor durability, easy yellowing discoloration. Colorful spray. Colorful spray is dispersed in water in the form of oil in water, once sprayed to form a variety of color patterns, patterns elegant and generous, and a three-dimensional sense, and the paint oil resistance, alkali resistance are good, can be used to clean water. Paste interior wall paint. Imitation porcelain chalk surface is delicate, smooth and clean, such as porcelain, and does not remove powder, non-toxic, odorless, good permeability, low prices. The lack of moisture resistance, scrub resistance is poor. Latex paint. At present, Nippon Paint (Nippon Paint is environmentally friendly and non-environmental), which is common in the market, is divided into high and low grades. High-end "Siide Li" (Nippon Paint), imported green paint ICI (Dulux), imported GPM Master latex paint. This type of paint is characterized by mercy, looks like silk, usually brushing twice. Latex paint is characterized by strong hiding power, soft and durable color, easy construction, and cleaning. Many families use latex paint for decoration, and when choosing latex paint, they can choose according to personal preference through the color cards provided by the business. Each room has different lighting and area sizes and the effect is different. The bright colors of the brightly lit room paint appear bright, and the dark room paint colors appear dim. Brushing methods vary. When applying latex paint, the base layer must first be treated. The surface is free from dirt, dust, mortar and other dirt, and there are no empty drums, crisp, blisters, sand, holes, cracks. The surface must be dry and the surface moisture is below 60%. Then put the putty, level the wall, polish it with sandpaper, and then use the second putty to trim until it is flat. The yin and yang angles are dense and well-defined. If the room is moist, increase the amount of glue in the putty or add the primer one more time. Before painting the paint, the wall surface should be dry and smooth with a flat side view. The coating of latex paint should not be too thick or too thin during construction. If it is too thick, it will tend to fall and wrinkle and affect drying. If it is too thin, it will not be able to play the role of paint. The number of brushing passes is usually two times (monochrome). If you use color paint, you can brush it again. Water-soluble paints and latex paints are applied in the same way. They can be sprayed, rolled, brushed. The general room construction uses roller coating and brush coating. Use brush, brush, roller and other tools to brush. Colorful spraying is done with a spray gun, convenient and quick. Paste coating construction is to stir the paint thinly to the grassroots level, requiring scraping smooth, thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm, to be dry after the local dressing, and surface wiper, scraping wipe the surface smooth, smooth.
6, wall paint consumption calculation method:
Wall paint construction area calculation formula: wall paint construction area = (building area × 80% -10) × 3 construction area is the purchase of the area, the actual utilization rate is generally about 80%, the kitchen, bathroom is generally the use of ceramic tiles, In the case of aluminum gussets, the area of ​​this part is mostly 10 square meters. The area derived from this calculation method includes the ceiling. The effect of the ceiling on the construction area of ​​the wall lacquer is not large and may not be taken into consideration. (The result obtained by this formula may be the closest The actual area). Paint quantity: According to the requirements of standard construction procedures, the thickness of the primer is 30 micrometers. The construction area of ​​the 5 liters primer is generally 65 to 70 square meters; the recommended thickness of the top coat is 60 to 70 micrometers, 5 liters of top coat. The construction area is generally 30 to 35 square meters. The amount of primer = construction area ÷ 70; the amount of topcoat = construction area ÷ 35. When decorating, the painter of the wall paint is usually charged by square meters, but the owner often neglects how to charge the door and window area. Some people think that the area of ​​the door and window is deducted on the line, but it is understood that whether it is a decoration company or not Painters do not remove the door and window area when painting the wall paint, but because the technical difficulty of brushing the door and the window wall is higher, the charge standard is not uniform. It is recommended that the owner should brush the wall paint. It is necessary to negotiate a good price with the construction team so as not to cause disputes afterwards. 7. Painting of ceilings and tops in housing renovation construction:
1, according to the design elevation of the ceiling, allows ± 5mm deviation in the horizontal plane.
2. The galvanized iron wire used for the hanging bar must not be smaller than No. 8, and the expansion bolt must be used as the hanging point.
3. If wood keel is used, the material must be red and white pine without cracking or distortion. The specification of main keel can not be less than 50mm × 70mm.
4, the paint must be roller paint, the top must be flat, no obvious potholes.
5, the bathroom cover panel can not be used moisture-prone gypsum board, mineral wool board, plywood, etc., should use metal buckle or plastic plate.
6. The surface of the cover panel should be flat, smooth, smooth, and straight, with no gaps or cracks.
7. The contact points between the cover panel, the keel and the dragon skeleton must be tightly connected, free from looseness and safe and reliable.
8. All wooden keels must be coated with fire retardant paint. Wood keels that are in direct contact with the wall or installed in the bathroom should be painted with antiseptic.
Note: For the moment, the wooden keel is only used in a few high-end decoration and is not widely used in ordinary decoration.
8, wood paint construction process:
1) The main construction process

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