Classification and Application of New Type Waterproof Materials in China
The current architectural waterproofing occupies a very important position in architectural design. It has always been one of the most complaints in construction projects. Floor drains, bathroom leaks, kitchen leaks, exterior wall leaks, and basement leaks are also considered as building 'cancers'. Some designers or construction units do not attach importance to waterproof design. They think that as long as the buildings look good and the internal functions are reasonable, they are good buildings. However, if the waterproofing of the building is not done well, it will not only affect the overall quality of the project, but also increase the total project final accounts, causing unnecessary losses to the country and households, and will also have a great impact on the service life of the building. Waterproofing is an important division of a building. Level waterproofing technology is a science and technology that guarantees that the structure of a building is protected from water erosion and the interior space is free of water damage. So, how to completely cure this 'cancer', which is related to the quality of the waterproof material. Therefore, we must pay attention to waterproof material and construction processing.
With the changes of the times, the people's concept of building water resistance has changed from a single emphasis on a single economic cost concept to a functional concept, while also taking into account the construction cost and the service life of the waterproofing project. Then, in this state of consciousness, why are there many tricks in the current water-proofing projects?
First of all, we must have a general understanding of the current situation of building waterproof materials in China and the types of building waterproof materials.
Since China began to apply asphalt linoleum membrane material in the 1950s, asphalt waterproof material has always been the leading product of China's building waterproof material, and its variety, quality and output have been rapidly developed. At present, the proportion of new waterproofing materials in China is still based on asphalt-based waterproof materials, which account for 80% of all waterproof materials. Polymer waterproofing membranes account for about 10%, and waterproof coatings and other waterproof materials account for 10%. about.
Classification and Application of New Type Waterproof Materials in China
China's new building waterproof material is usually divided into five categories. Namely: waterproof membrane, waterproof coating, sealing material, rigid waterproof, and plugging and sealing material.
First, waterproof membrane
Classification of waterproofing membranes: Asphalt Coil, Polymer Modified Asphalt Based Waterproof Coil, and Polymer Coil
1 Asphalt coils
2Polymer modified bitumen-based waterproof coiled materials
The polymer modified bitumen-based waterproofing membranes mainly include bitumen paper tar mats and polymer modified bitumen waterproofing membranes.
A. Asphalt paper tire felt production and application
The production of bitumen felt in China has been declining year by year, and the current production and sales volume is very small.
China's petroleum bitumen linoleum was used since the early 1950s, and its output reached 190 million m2 by 1958. By the early 1980s, when the reform and opening up began, the output of linoleum felt had risen to 530 million m2. With the reform and opening up, oil The rapid development of industry and construction industry, linoleum production enterprises through technological transformation, increase the production capacity of oxidized asphalt, to 1995, asphalt paper tire linoleum has a production emblem of up to 1.22 billion m2. As the application of paper tar felt construction is still a traditional practice for many years, hot asphalt mastic is used as the bonding material. Environmental pollution has occurred in the hot mastic fat melting process and construction operations. Due to environmental reasons, some provinces and cities have expressly banned the use of paper tar felt construction in urban areas in recent years, and replaced them with polymer modified bitumen waterproofing membranes. As a result of the paper linoleum, the production bin of the linoleum fell to 800 million m2.
B. Polymer modified asphalt waterproof membrane
Polymer-modified bituminous waterproof coiled soils should include APP. SBS (APAO) modified polymer-modified bituminous waterproofing membranes, mainly polyester tires and glass fiber tires. The modified bitumen waterproofing membrane is the fastest-growing new type of waterproof material in China recently. Since the mid-1980s, China has introduced more than a dozen production lines from abroad, and the level of technology and equipment has been greatly improved. The production capacity is about 80 million m2. . Domestically developed modified asphalt waterproof coiled domestic production line has reached more than 100 pieces. Calculated with a production capacity of 2 million m2 each, the annual production capacity is about 200 million m2. At present, the production capacity of China's polymer modified bituminous waterproofing materials can total It reached 280 million m2. However, this new type of waterproof material has not developed rapidly when it is popularized and applied. With the development of raw materials, such as the introduction and production of polyester tire and glass fiber tire production equipment, the production capacity of asphalt modifier SBS. APP has increased, and construction application technology has increased. The improvement of the supporting materials, the improvement of design specifications and the issuance of national standards, as well as the introduction of publicity and promotion efforts, achieved a sales volume of 85 million m2 in 2002, but only 1/3 of the production capacity. about. The compound tire modified bitumen waterproofing membrane sales rod is nearly 200 million m2.
The application of high polymer modified bitumen membranes is currently used in most foreign flame gun hot melt construction methods and cold mastic bonding.
3 Polymer Coil Materials: A Rubber B Plastics
China's macromolecule waterproofing membrane soil should include EPDM, polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polyethylene-rubber blend, rubber-plastic blend, reclaimed rubber, geotechnically impermeable membrane, polyethylene polypropylene And other waterproof membranes.
There are about 80 manufacturers of polymer waterproofing membranes in China, with a total production capacity of about 100 million m2. In 2002, the sales volume of polymer membranes was about 0.4 billion m2, including nearly 4 million m2 of EPDM waterproof membranes. Polyethylene waterproofing membrane 7 million m2, Recycled waterproofing membrane 5 million m2, Polyethylene and other geomembrane 6 million, Polyvinyl chloride waterproofing membrane 6 million m2, Polypropylene composite waterproofing membrane 22 million M2; 12 million m2 of other polymer coils, nearly 66 million m2 in 2002.
(1) EPDM waterproofing membrane
China has introduced four EPDM waterproof coil production lines from Japan (each with a production capacity of approximately 1 million m2), which has become China's backbone enterprise for EPDM waterproofing membranes. In 1980, Baoding Rubber Factory completed the first production line introduction, and the other three imported production lines were introduced by Baotou Rubber Products Factory, Liaoyang First Rubber Factory, Shanwei, and Tengzhou Rubber & Plastics Group. In addition, there are 12 domestic digestion and absorption production lines with an annual production capacity of 80-100 million. The annual production capacity of EPDM waterproof membranes nationwide is around 16 million m2. In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in sales, especially in recent years, the construction of large-stars for subways, water conservancy, and stadiums has been used in large quantities. The current annual output exceeds 5 million m2.
(2) PVC waterproofing membrane
It has been a long time for China to develop and produce polyvinyl chloride waterproof roll. Now there are three main types: The production process is calendering, extrusion and squeegeeing. Annual production capacity is about 12 million m2.
Among them, the extrusion process represented by the manufacturer is Jinan Permeation Resistant Waterproof Material Co., Ltd., and its equipment is imported from Yilili. In addition, there are Shandong Lihua and Aokai Company and Shandong Xinda Group New Plastic Factory to produce this kind of coils. Recently Jiangyin Jianghai Waterproof Materials Co., Ltd. of Jiangsu Province has also developed a squeegee method and an extrusion method, especially extrusion method. The quality of P-type products has approached or reached the introduction line level, but the price is cheaper, and has achieved good results after trials of the Guangzhou New Airport Terminal Station and other projects.
(3) Chlorinated polyethylene waterproofing membrane
China's chlorinated polyethylene waterproofing membranes include: 603 waterproofing membranes reinforced with glass cloth, nitrided polyethylene non-carcass coils, and chlorinated polyethylene rubber ne Nie waterproof membranes. There are more than 20 manufacturers. In Jiangsu Province alone, there are three CPE coil production plants, with a total national production capacity of approximately 15 million m2, and a recent sales volume of approximately 7 million m2.
(4) Geomembrane
Waterproofing and seepage prevention of underground and water conservancy projects require various resin-based waterproofing membranes, which are mainly used in hydraulic engineering and landfills. In 2002, the sales volume was about 8 million m2.
(5) Polyolefin waterproofing membrane (TPO membrane)
TPO is a thermoplastic polyolefin waterproofing membrane. It has been popular in Europe and Guanzhong in recent years. China has also initially mastered relevant technologies, and Shanxi Taiyuan Wanjia Waterproofing Material Co., Ltd. has first introduced technology and equipment from abroad for production. Germany is also located in Shanghai. Office supplies TPO raw materials, etc.
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