With the advancement and development of computer hardware, software technology and other science and technology, CAD/CAM technology is becoming more and more perfect, and its application range is also expanding. Today's CAD/CAM has been widely used in the whole process of design and production of numerical calculation, engineering drawing, engineering information management, production control, etc. Its application industry has covered electronics, machinery, shipbuilding, aviation, automotive, construction, textile, light industry and engineering construction. Due to the transformation of traditional industries by CAD/CAM technology, the development of emerging industries, the improvement of labor productivity and the enhancement of market competitiveness, the development and application level of CAD/CAM technology has become a measure of the modernization of science and technology in a country. One of the important signs of industrial modernization can reflect the comprehensive strength of a country to a certain extent.
The real boom in CAD/CAM is after the 80s. The price/performance ratio of minicomputers and microcomputers is further improved. It provides the necessary material basis for the rapid development of CAD/CAM technology. The quality of computer peripherals such as color high-resolution graphic display, large digitizer, automatic plotter, etc. is constantly improving, and the price is declining, making it a general configuration of CAD/CAM, providing a promotion for the development and popularization of CAD/CAM. Necessary conditions. In addition, computer software technology continues to develop, and new and more powerful databases are constantly being introduced, making mature commercial software emerge one after another. These have effectively promoted the advancement of CAD/CAM technology. Product market competition, forcing companies to change traditional design methods and using advanced manufacturing technology, that is, using CAD/CAM technology, so that the demand for CAD/CAM has surged, which has inspired a large number of scientific and technological elites to engage in CAD/CAM technology development and research, greatly accelerating The CAD/CAM technology is moving forward.
First, the hardware
The CAD/CAM hardware system mainly includes a host, an external memory, an input and output device, and other communication interfaces.
1. The host main processing computer, which is the center of the CAD/CAM system. At present, the host computer generally adopts three levels of minicomputer or super small machine, super microcomputer and personal microcomputer. Which type of machine is selected depends on the production scale, complexity, design workload and so on.
Small-scale or super-minicomputer system: This system uses a small-machine super-minicomputer as the host, using the time-sharing principle, a host CAD/CAM system with several to dozens of graphic terminals. It is characterized by more resource sharing; the disadvantage is that the investment is large, and if the host is broken, the whole system is in a state of madness. Generally applicable to large and medium-sized design departments. Such systems developed rapidly in the late 70s and early 1980s, and the market share is now decreasing. The main companies that produce such products are: DEC, HP, CV, DG, Calma and IBM.
· Engineering workstation with super microcomputer: This is a system between personal computer and super small machine, which is based on high performance super microcomputer. Thanks to the distributed supercomputer network, its overall performance reaches the super-minicomputer CAD/CAM system, but its price is much lower than the latter. At the same time, it provides a network environment for engineers and technicians, enabling engineers and technicians to efficiently and conveniently engage in engineering design and calculation, programming, document writing, interactive drawing, information storage, cooperative communication, resource sharing and so on.
The Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) in the engineering workstation will become the mainstream system. The dedicated graphics workstation adopts multi-processing architecture, that is, multiple CPUs work in parallel, and the system is increasingly open, which makes it the mainstream of future CAD/CAM systems. The rate is rising. It is also the main choice for many companies in China. Its main manufacturers are Sun, HP/Allollo, DEC, SGI and IBM. The domestic engineering workstations started shortly, mainly including Huasheng Company (4075 series) and Huaqi Company (INDIGO) two series of engineering workstations.
· Personal computer system: Due to the rapid development of personal computer, the current use of personal computer for CAD / CAM is not only possible but also rapid development, has great potential. This system generally uses a high-end personal computer, equipped with a 20-inch high-resolution (1280 × 1024) graphic display, mouse, printer, plotter, etc., to form a microcomputer CAD / CAM workstation; and use a local area network to connect multiple microcomputers, Realize partial hard and software resource sharing.
It is worth mentioning that the personal computer function is still limited. CAD/CAM with personal computer is only suitable for enterprises with relatively simple product structure, serialization of products, generalization and standardization procedures. However, through networking, the personal computer and the super-computer engineering workstation are connected to make it a whole, and an optimized combination of high, medium and low-grade is formed for the specific working environment, so that the functions of various systems can be fully utilized.
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