Why are farmers cold and biological pesticides?

In recent years, various types of bio-pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity, no residue and no pollution have shown rapid development in the field of development and production. However, it should not be overlooked: At present, the popularization and application of bio-pesticides in agricultural production is very slow, and the development and production heat of bio-pesticides shows a strong contrast with the slowness of application. Recently, the author visited several bio-pesticide business units and several 10 farmers to understand that there are four mentalityes of farmers' cold bio-pesticides, which seriously restrict and hinder the popularization, promotion and application of bio-pesticide.

The skills used are not mastered. In the past, various high-toxic, high-efficiency and high-residue chemical pesticides were widely used and widely used in agricultural production. Many farmers' friends have mastered the skills and methods of using highly toxic pesticides. Bio-pesticide is a new pesticide that is developed and produced in recent years and is rich in high-tech. Because of the strict pharmacological efficacy and application technology of bio-pesticide pest control, many farmers have affected the use and spread of bio-pesticide due to lack of basic use skills. . In mid-July of this year, a mu of cotton, which was planted by a farmer nearly 50 years old in a village, was seriously endangered. At first, he went to the town's crop hospital to buy bio-pesticide mix and kill. After several days of spraying, he still failed to effectively curb the insects. So the farmer rushed to the town to buy high-toxic pesticides to control the pests. However, due to the delay in the best prevention period, the cotton planted by the farmer suffered from the damage caused by the cotton bollworm. Another farmer friend used bio-pesticide to kill pests. After seeing the pesticide spray, he could not kill the insects immediately. So he went back to the field to retrieve several pests and throw them into the mixed bio-insecticide to observe. The insecticidal effect, about a moment, when the pest was still not completely killed, he was so angry that he would never use bio-pesticide next time. After further investigation, the author learned that the above two farmers lacked the skills of using bio-pesticide. The former old farmer missed the best use period of bio-pesticide for nearly 20 days; the other vowed to stop using bio-pesticide. The farmers do not know: the medicinal mechanism of bio-insecticides is mainly caused by the destruction of the midgut cells of the pests, causing their chronic poisoning to die. The bio-insecticides do not have the quick-killing properties and effects of highly toxic pesticides, so it must be symptomatic and Use at the right time. It can be seen that the lack of basic skills in biopesticide is the first “railing” that restricts the popularization of biopesticide.

Farming costs are difficult to “lower”. A farmer said to the author: The farming people should also count the accounts, especially nowadays, many agricultural products have a high price, and farming will not result in a loss. Biological pesticides are more expensive than highly toxic pesticides. If the use of biological pesticides to prevent diseases and diseases, it will inevitably increase the cost of farming, and the increase in the cost of farming will increase the "economic burden" of farmers. Therefore, the villagers in their villages are mostly reluctant to use biological pesticides in order to reduce costs and reduce their own burdens; Moreover, various pesticide business departments and crop hospitals still operate various types of highly toxic pesticides. Since they can be sold, our farmers can certainly buy and use them. He also believes that the country currently only advocates and restricts the use of biological pesticides in the production of certain crops. It is not absolutely forbidden to use highly toxic pesticides. If the market prohibits the sale of highly toxic pesticides, they can only choose other pesticides such as organisms. It can be seen that the one-sided pursuit of reducing the cost of farming and the high toxic pesticides on the agricultural resources market have not been completely banned from production and use, which is the second “railing” that hinders the popularization of bio-pesticide.

Product prices have no advantage. When I went to the countryside, I met a villager. She said with awkwardness: Her "green" melons produced by household fertilizer and bio-pesticide were shipped to the market for sale. I thought that I would sell a good price with "green" quality. Consumers just don't recognize this. The consumer said: "How can I tell if your vegetables are 'green'? Anyway, your vegetable price can't be higher than others. If you are tall, I won't buy it." In desperation, the villager had to work hard. The "green" melons are sold at "normal" prices. From this point of view, "green" agricultural products have not yet been recognized by consumers. It is no wonder that a "green" vegetable reported by a newspaper in recent days that it has no pollution and no residue has been left out in Nanjing. It can be seen that the current agricultural product market has different values ​​of the same price and some consumers do not accept the high quality and high price of green agricultural products. To some extent, it also inhibits and dampens the enthusiasm of farmers to use biological pesticides. Another obstacle and barrier to the rapid spread of bio-pesticide.

The increase in benefits is not obvious. In recent years, with the accelerating process of marketization and agricultural industrialization, the trend of “industrialization” of agricultural production has become increasingly obvious, and the driving force of economic interests has played an increasingly important role in agricultural production. Under the influence of economic interests to drive this market law, the promotion and application of biological pesticides in agricultural production are inevitably unaffected. One farmer said: “Now the rate of return on farming is very low. In the agricultural market where the price is high, if you do not want to reduce the input cost, the produced agricultural products will be uncompetitive.” When it comes to biological pesticides and high toxicity When the "worldview" of pesticides was said, as an ordinary peasant, he could not get rid of the constraints driven by economic interests. Without the driving of economic interests, who would engage in loss-making agricultural production? The peasant also pointed out that in the agricultural production, the use of high-toxic pesticides will not reduce production and reduce income, and the use of biological pesticides will not necessarily increase production and income; the use of bio-pesticide production of "green" agricultural products on the market It is not always possible to sell a good price. The peasant expressed great concern about the current lack of quality and price difference between the “green” agricultural products of the same price in the agricultural product market and the polluted agricultural products produced by the high-toxic pesticides, but it seems to be helpless.

At present, the main reason for the application of biological pesticides in agricultural production is the existence of the above-mentioned potential “four mentalities”. These “four mentalities” restrict and influence the promotion of biological pesticides from different angles and “cutting sections”. Application process. Strengthening the promotion and application of bio-pesticide is a “system engineering”. In order to vigorously promote the popularization and application process of bio-pesticide in agricultural production, it is imperative to address the above four reasons, from technology, market, agricultural product price and agriculture. The economic interests and other aspects have been multi-pronged and guided by the situation, so that the biological pesticides, which are rich in high-tech, are blooming in agricultural production, making biological pesticides a technological catalyst for promoting the agricultural industry and improving agricultural productivity.



From: Farmers Daily

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