For the seedlings of wheat in Yinan County, Anhui Province: (1) The amount of seedlings is large, and the basic seedlings are more. More than 40% of the land use in the county is about 15 kilograms, and some fields use more than 20 kilograms. The average seedling average is 234,000, which is 44,000 more than last year, and some fields reach 400,000. (2) The total number of stems increased, and the number of tillers per plant was less. The average number of stems per mu reached 928,000, an increase of 129,000 over the same period of the previous year. However, the average number of stems per plant was 4.2, which was 1.5 less than that of the previous year, and the tillers were slender, thin and weak. (3) The secondary roots are few and short, and the leaves are long. At present, the average number of secondary roots is 6.7, which is 2.2 less than the same period of the previous year. The average secondary root length is 6.8 cm, which is 2.5 cm shorter than the previous year. The roots are short and thin. The longest leaf of wheat is 32 cm, 10-12 cm older than the upper; the sheath is 12 cm long, 4-5 cm older than the upper.
Zhang Pingzhi, an expert in the wheat industry technology system, suggested that the current potential risks of wheat are: 1. It is prone to freezing damage. Because the wheat seedlings are crowded, the light transmission and the air permeability are poor, the wheat seedlings are tender and tender, and the young leaves are rapidly growing. The large amount of nutrients are supplied to the new leaves, the sugar stored in the tillering section is reduced, and the freezing resistance is reduced. Affected by low temperature in mid-December, some wheat varieties were frozen, lightly frozen level 1, such as Xinfumai No.1; heavy to level 3 frost damage, such as Pingan 6, Yumai 70-36. There are 185,000 mu of wheat in the county, accounting for 14.6%, of which 150,000 mu is for primary damage, 30,000 mu for secondary frost damage, and 0.5 million mu for third-level freezing damage. 2. Prone to pests and diseases. Due to the weak growth of seedlings, the ventilation and light transmission are poor, and the ability to resist pests and diseases is reduced. The incidence of sheath blight was 5.6%, which was higher than the annual average of 4.3%. 3. Easy to fall. Due to the excessive planting density, the individual is stunted, the roots are shallow, the head is heavy, and it is prone to lodging. At present, some of the densely populated fields in the county have experienced sporadic lodging, and the lodging area is over 50,000 mu. It is rare in history to have lodging in the early winter. 4. prone to premature aging. Wangchang wheat field, due to the consumption of nutrients in the early growth stage, root system is poorly developed, 1-3 leaves of wheat base have appeared yellow dry phenomenon, which may cause premature aging of wheat in the middle and late stages.
Zhang Pingzhi said that the countermeasures of Tian Guan are: the small wheat field tube should highlight the "four defenses", that is, anti-freeze damage, pest control, anti-falling, anti-premature aging. 1. Anti-freeze damage. After a few varieties of wheat seedlings are frozen, although the aboveground leaves have frozen to death, the roots and a few leaves can continue to absorb nutrients, and the frozen leaf nutrients can also be transferred to the unfrozen small tillers. Immediately after the spring, the fertilizer should be applied, and 5-10 kg of urea per acre should be applied to promote the rapid growth of small tillers. 2. Prevent pests and diseases. The field has a large humidity and induces sheath blight and powdery mildew. It is necessary to predict early, early propaganda, early launch, and early prevention and control. 3. Anti-falling. For the oversized wheat fields, the old leaves with ineffective tillers and lower shades and yellows should be removed after the year to prevent the field from being closed, and the wheat seedlings should be crowded to form a "needle" wheat seedling to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field and promote the stems. The stalks are thick and strong, and the ability to prevent disease and disease is enhanced. 4. Prevent premature aging. After the spring, it is necessary to look at the seedlings to apply the jointing and booting fertilizer. In the later stage, the “one spray and three preventions†based on spray fertilizer will be promoted to promote the tillering, the ear and the large grain and the grain weight, which will lay the foundation for high yield.
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