First, the variety selection
The loofah is divided into two kinds of loofah and ordinary loofah. The loofah varieties suitable for spring are double green loofah, ya green No. 1 loofah, etc. The common loofah has long water melon and green loofah.
Second, germination sowing
1. Germination: Soak the loofah seeds in water for 8-10 hours, then pick up and drain, then mix the seeds with moist sand and place them in an incubator to germination. After the seeds are white, they can be sown. During the germination process, the seeds should be turned from time to time and kept moist to ensure that the buds are neat.
2. Sowing: The spring planting loofah is carried out by the cultivation method of film seedling transplanting. The sowing time is suitable from late January to early April. When the seedling stage encounters low temperature, it should be covered in time to prevent frostbite.
Third, site preparation
1. Soil preparation: Loofah should be fertilized, and should be planted in loam or clay loam fields with strong sun, soil fertility, moisture, high organic matter content and strong water and fertilizer retention capacity. It is planted with crepe, the width of the face is 1.2-1.5 meters, the width of the groove is 30-40 cm, and the height is 35 cm. Combined with the preparation of the base fertilizer, the soil is 1500-2500 kg of fertilizer and 50 kg of compound fertilizer.
2. Colonization: When the loofah has 3.5-4.5 true leaves and the temperature is stable at around 20 °C, it can be transplanted, double row planting, row spacing is 60-80 cm, plant spacing is 40-50 cm, and about 1700 plants are planted.
Fourth, field management
1. Racking vines, pruning and vines: The loofah is strong, and the main vines and the side vines can all be melons. The pruning and vines should be carried out according to the growth of the leaves. When the spring loofah seedlings are about 25 cm high, they should be inserted into the bamboo frame. When the melon is about 50 cm long, the soil is pressed once. The specific method of pressing the vine is to put the vine on the surface of the glutinous rice, and then combine the soil to compact the vine with fine soil. After the appearance of the female flower, the vine on the base is removed, and the vine is used to put the vine on the shelf. If the vine is too much on the shelf, some dense or weak side vines can be removed to facilitate ventilation and light transmission, reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases. .
2. Timely treatment of melon: After the loofah is flowered and fruited, the tendrils that affect the growth of the young melon should be removed in time, and the position of the young melon and melon frame, melon vine and petiole should be rationalized to make the loofah grow normally. If necessary, after the young melon begins to thicken, hang a stone at the lower end of the melon to make the loofah grow straighter and longer.
3. Reasonable topdressing: Loofah is easy to grow, and it should avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage of growth, and strengthen topdressing after fruit setting. Spring seed loofah seedlings have a long growing period and slow growth. Therefore, the early fertilization should be applied in a thin manner, mainly in drenching. The first fertilization was carried out 5-7 days after transplanting, and the pl was applied with 1:1 0 times of faecal urinary water of 1500 kg, and then 1500 kg of compound fertilizer 4-6 kg of leaching solution was applied every 15 days or so. After the first female flower appeared, the first heavy fertilization was carried out, and about 15 kg of compound fertilizer was applied per acre; after the flowering result, the fertilizer was applied again for one time, 30 kg of compound fertilizer per acre; and 2-3 times per harvest after harvesting period. Topdressing 1 time, 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer per mu.
4. Water management: During the growth of loofah, the soil should be kept moist. During the flowering period, the water needs more water and the root system is stronger. It is necessary to strengthen irrigation. When irrigating, it should be irrigated immediately. When filling, it should not exceed 2/3 of the height of 畦, and it should not be flooded.
5. Pest control
The disease can be controlled by 300 times of Dixon, 800 times of chlorothalonil or 800 times of methyl thiophanate; the disease is treated with 800 times of kelp or 800 times of mancozeb; 600 times, chlorothalonil 800 times or methyl thiophanate 800 times spray control; powdery mildew with powder rusting 2000 times or chlorothalonil 700 times spray control; anthrax can be used with methyl thiophanate 800-1000 times or carbendazim 1500 times Spray control.
Melon can be sprayed with 1000 times of Loesian, 1000 times of Killing Pine or Bacillus thuringiensis preparations; Melon flies can be sprayed with 1000 times of Loess, 1000 times of trichlorfon or 1000 times of dichlorvos; The enemy blasted 2000 times.
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