Grape is one of the most demanding tree species in fruit trees. The amount of fertilizer meets the requirements of grape growth period, which can lay a material foundation for high yield fruit. Grapes are no exception in the growth cycle. The original nutrients in the soil alone are not enough and must be supplemented with fertilization.
How to apply fertilizer, introduce from the following aspects:
First, fertilizer supplement
(1) Organic fertilizer: The application rate is 1.5-2 times of the output, 100 kg of fresh fruit is produced, 150-200 kg of organic fertilizer is needed, and 3000 kg of per mu is needed, and 4500-6000 kg of organic fertilizer is needed.
(2) Inorganic fertilizer: chemical fertilizer and mineral fertilizer, the common characteristics are fast fertilizer effect, chemical fertilizer is easy to make the soil compact, and the essential elements such as boron, iron, magnesium, molybdenum, zinc, etc. are rare.
(3) Biological bacterial fertilizer: various beneficial biological bacteria, activate soil, activate soil nutrients, lack of soil organic matter and quick-acting nutrients.
Based on the above factors, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Henan Sanmenxia Dasanyuan Plant use high-tech to study the big three-element organic-inorganic biological fertilizer, and combine the three fertilizers with high-tech means, and the fruit is full and spike-like on the grapes. It has good shape, good color, high sugar content and high yield. It has become the first choice for high quality and high yield in grape producing areas.
Second, the amount and timing of fertilization
1. Fertilization amount: In addition to organic fertilizer, the calculation of 3,000 kg per mu requires 15-30 kg of pure nitrogen, 6-12 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 15-30 kg of potassium, and more iron, zinc, boron and magnesium. a trace element. Large ternary organic and inorganic biological fertilizer, according to the grape nitrogen utilization rate of 50%, phosphorus utilization rate of 25%, potassium utilization rate of 60%. The grape absorption and soil supply were analyzed by leaves, and the soil analysis was carried out to determine that 150-200 kg of large three-fertilizer could be applied as the base fertilizer. The amount of topdressing varies with the yield and the tree's topdressing period.
Base fertilizer: The sooner the grape is harvested before harvesting, the better the root is absorbed, which is beneficial to the absorption and accumulation of roots, which is beneficial to flower bud differentiation, and also provides sufficient nutrition for germination in the coming year.
Top dressing: the first pre-emergence top dressing: it has an effect on the differentiation of spikes and pre-growth. It is mainly composed of large three-element fertilizer with high nitrogen content. This fertilizer accounts for 1/3-1/2 of the annual fertilization amount. 1.5 kg. The second top dressing: in the middle and late June, the fruit expansion period, this fertilizer is essential for growth and fruit set, accounting for half of the annual nitrogen fertilizer, still using large three yuan fertilizer, plant application 0.5-1 kg. The third grouting fertilizer: the grape is mainly calcium and potassium fertilizer before the ripening in the middle and late July, and the plant is applied with potassium sulfate or silicon calcium magnesium potassium fertilizer 0.5-1.5 kg. Watering each time after topdressing.
The fertilization method can be selected from radial ditch application, well word fertilization, spreading, and annular ditch application.
Third, the root external spray fertilizer: foliar spray fertilizer can choose fruit friends amino acid 400 times liquid and calcium lactate 600 times liquid, also can choose a variety of trace element fertilizer spray cloth such as speed music boron.
Fourth, the main smear: use the fruit friend amino acid nutrient solution to smear the trunk, three times in a row, once every 10 days, directly absorbed, the tree is strong, play a cold and anti-freeze effect.
Red grape is the basis for the need for hypertrophy. The single grain is more than 12 grams. It is required to grasp the above several fertilization periods and make the formula fertilization. With the comprehensive measures, the single grain weight can reach more than 12 grams.
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