First, avoid sensitive periods for sensitive crops and crops. The sensitivity and tolerance of chlorine to different crops and varieties vary widely. Chlorine-sensitive crops are called chlorine-repellent crops. There are tobacco, tea, citrus, grape, watermelon, potato, and milk vetch. Generally, the application of chlorinated fertilizer is not applied or strictly controlled. Different species of the same crop have different chlorine resistance. For example, among rice varieties, hybrid rice has the strongest chlorine tolerance. Conventional early rice is weaker in chlorine tolerance and avoids the chlorine sensitive period of the crop. The chlorine sensitive period of the crop is mostly in the seedling stage, such as rice in the 3 leaf-5 leaf stage; wheat in the 2 leaf stage-5 leaf stage; Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage and rapeseed in the 4 leaf -6 leaf stage.
Second, pay attention to the application method. When using chlorinated fertilizer as base fertilizer, it should be applied early and covered with soil. Generally, it should be applied one week before sowing or transplanting, and applied to the underside of seeds or seedlings, preferably from 5 cm to 7 cm from topsoil. For top dressing: take a point or strip application, and 5 cm -10 cm away from the crop plants, avoid using it. When the application amount is large, it can be applied in two to three times. Top dressing can also be applied to water or dilute urine.
Third, try to apply in the seasons and areas with more rainfall. In the rainy season or in areas with high precipitation, the application of chlorinated fertilizers, chloride ions can be leached with water, and it is not easy to accumulate in the soil, thus avoiding side effects on crops. In dry land without irrigation conditions, saline-alkali land with poor drainage, high temperature and dry seasons, and areas with water shortage and low rainfall, it is better to use less or less chlorinated fertilizer.
4. Cooperate with the application of decomposed organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer. When applying the chlorinated fertilizer, combined with the application of the decomposed organic fertilizer, the fertilizer effect can be improved and the adverse effects of chloride ions on the soil can be alleviated; in the soil with low effective phosphorus content, the chloride ions can inhibit the absorption of phosphorus by the crop. Therefore, when applying chlorinated fertilizer, an appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer should be applied. The complex (mixed) fertilizer and formula fertilizer prepared by using chlorinated fertilizer and urea, ammonium phosphate, superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, etc. can not only reduce the harm of chloride ions, but also use nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium together. It can balance the effect of fertilization.
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