2016 sweet potato production technical guidance
Sweet potato is an important grain variety, industrial raw material and health food in China. In recent years, the proportion of fresh food and processing has increased year by year, and the market is better, which has become an important high-efficiency crop. In order to make full use of the local light and heat resources, and play an important role in the growth of grain, quality and efficiency, according to natural conditions and production characteristics, the technical guidance for sweet potato production in 2016 is proposed.
I. Northern Potato Region
(1) Regional scope
The area is located between the north of the Huaihe River and 45° north latitude, mainly including Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi and other provinces (cities) and Jiangsu, northern Anhui, and southern Jilin and Liaoning.
(II) Natural conditions
The area is a monsoon climate with an annual average temperature of 8-15 °C, a frost-free period of 150-250 days, a sunshine percentage of 45%-70%, and an annual rainfall of 450-1100 mm. The soil is mostly fluvo-aquic or brown soil, suitable for the plain area. Mechanized operation, high level of intensive cultivation in hilly and mountainous areas, is the main sweet potato production area in China, and is a spring and summer potato planting area.
(III) Production Situation
The district is located in China's main grain producing area, with good agricultural production conditions, large production scale, high yield level, wide application of mechanization, and planting area accounting for about 30% of the national planting area. Liaoning, Jilin, Beijing and other provinces (cities), Baoding, Hebei, north of the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi and northwestern Shanxi, one year old, mainly planting spring potatoes, planted in mid-to-late May. Shandong, southwest of the mountain, north of the Huaihe River in Jiangsu, Anhui and Henan, south of the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi, three years old, spring potato is planted from late April to mid-May, summer potato is planted in the middle and late June. The region mainly produces starch type, fresh food type, pigment extraction type and sweet potato varieties for food processing. Sweet potato was the main food crop in the region in the last century. With the adjustment of planting structure and the increasing proportion of food and food processing in the past decade, sweet potato has gradually become an important economic income and health crop in the region. The scale, mechanization and intensification of sweet potato cultivation are increasing, and pillar industries such as starch processing, fresh food and food processing are gradually formed.
(IV) Development Countermeasures
Focus on improving the mechanization and light reduction level of sweet potato production, and promote industrial quality and efficiency. The starch planting and processing of sweet potato in this area is highly concentrated, suitable for large-scale planting and large and medium-sized enterprises. The location of fresh edible sweet potato is strong, and it is urgent to increase the rate of commercial potato.
- Regional layout. Shandong hills, Hebei Yanshan Nanxun, Yuxi Mountain, Huaihe River, Jinnan Drought and the eastern mountainous areas of Shaanxi are the traditional starch-type sweet potato planting areas, focusing on the development of starch-type sweet potato. Suizhong, Luzhong, Yubei, Subei, Yubei, Jinzhong, and Shaanxi Guanzhong areas have given full play to their location and traffic advantages to focus on the development of fresh-flavored sweet potatoes.
- Key technologies. Demonstration and promotion of detoxification (healthy seed production), plastic film mulching, formula fertilization, chemical control, agricultural machinery and agronomic support, hilly and thin land “one change and two increase†light and simplified cultivation, plain dry land “two fast and one province†high-efficiency light and simplified cultivation and “ One water and one membrane" lightly simplifies cultivation and other techniques.
- Farming mode. Mainly in the sweet potato single crop, sweet potato and peanut (or wheat) rotation, sweet potato and flue-cured tobacco (or fresh corn) intercropping and other modes.
Second, the Yangtze River Basin potato area
(1) Regional scope
The area is mainly along the hilly banks of the Yangtze River, across the eastern, central and western provinces, including Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and other provinces (cities), as well as northern Yunnan, Anhui and southern Jiangsu.
(II) Natural conditions
The area is located in the mid-subtropical warm monsoon climate zone on the north and lower reaches of the Yangtze River at about 30° north latitude. The four seasons are distinct, the climate is mild, the light is good, the heat is sufficient, the rainfall is abundant, the annual precipitation is more than 1000 mm, and the annual frost-free period is 225-310. Day (average 260 days), the average annual temperature is 16.6 °C, and the temperature difference between day and night in autumn is suitable for sweet potato yield formation and dry matter accumulation. It is a traditional sweet potato planting area.
(III) Production Situation
This area is China's main grain producing area and one of the three major sweet potato producing areas in China. The planting area accounts for about 50% of the country's planted area. Most of the sweet potato main growing areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are located in the shallow hills and low mountains along the Yangtze River. Although the agricultural production conditions are good, the cultivation area is large, and the yield level is high, the land preparation, transplanting and excavation still depend on the traditional methods and labor. This area is a summer potato area. Generally, it is planted in the early March of each year, and seedlings are planted. In mid-May, transplanting is started in the field. In many places, sweet potato and corn intercropping are used, and in mid-to-late October, harvesting begins. In recent years, the cultivation of vegetables and other cash crops in the winter in this area has faced enormous challenges in the traditional wheat-jad-crop farming method, and its area is declining. According to market demand, most of the sweet potato varieties that are freshly sold and processed are intensively planted, and the area is constantly increasing.
(IV) Development Countermeasures
Focus on promoting the structural adjustment of sweet potato varieties to meet the market demand for high quality fresh potatoes and high quality processing materials. Actively do a good job in the planning and layout of new sweet potato varieties, demonstrate the promotion of simple and low-cost production technology and storage processing technology, vigorously promote the processing and transformation of sweet potato on the spot, increase the added value of sweet potatoes, and increase the income of farmers.
- Regional layout. The surrounding areas of the city will give priority to the development of high-quality, shelf-stable, special-purpose fresh sweet potato varieties, new purple potato varieties and high-quality vegetable varieties; the traditional sweet potato main planting area will focus on the development of high-starch processing sweet potato varieties and high-yield new varieties.
- Key technologies. Demonstration and promotion of virus-free seed potato breeding, plastic film mulching seedlings, standardized cultivation of fresh-type sweet potato, processing and special sweet potato light-simplified cultivation, sweet potato pest and disease monitoring and early warning and green sustainable prevention and control, safe storage and on-site clean processing and comprehensive utilization of waste And other technologies.
- Farming mode. Dedicated sweet potato net work, traditional wheat-jade-dual intercropping and other modes.
Third, Southern Potato Zone
(1) Regional scope
The southern potato area includes the southern summer and autumn potato ecological area and the southern autumn and winter potato ecological area. The southern summer and autumn potato ecological area refers to the sweet potato producing area south of the Tropic of Cancer and south of the Yangtze River Valley, including the central Yunnan, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, northern Guangdong, southern Guizhou, northwestern Guangxi, and north of Chiayi, Taiwan. The southern autumn and winter potato ecological area refers to the sweet potato producing area south of the Tropic of Cancer, including the Hainan Province and the South China Sea Islands, southern Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, southern Taiwan and the southern coastal areas of Fujian.
(II) Natural conditions
Due to the high temperature and rain in the southern potato area, the soil is easily washed away, the organic matter is lacking, and the fertilizer is easily lost. The annual summer and autumn potato ecological zone has a frost-free period of 290-350 days, an average temperature of 18-23 °C, an annual precipitation of 960-2690 mm, and abundant rainfall. Sweet potato is distributed in hilly and mountainous areas of red, yellow and red soils, and the soil is acidic. Barren. The southern autumn and winter potato ecological zone has a frost-free period of 325-365 days, an average temperature of 18-25 °C, an annual precipitation of 1510-2060 mm (average of 1730 mm), and often typhoon and rain; sweet potato is distributed in sandy loam and red loam in coastal areas, soil It is acidic and relatively poor.
(III) Production Situation
The sweet potato planting area in this area accounts for about 20% of the national planted area. The wide ridge is planted in a single row, and the planting density is relatively thin. The northern part of the area is dominated by summer potato; the south can be planted all year round, mainly in autumn, followed by winter potato, and summer potato again, with less spring planting area. Dryland sweet potato and bean crop rotation, paddy field and rice rotation. Due to the small size of the field and the ups and downs of the topography, the mechanization of sweet potato production is relatively low, mostly based on mechanization of small and medium-sized.
(IV) Development Countermeasures
The existing varieties in this area still can not meet the demand for variety diversity in production. The sweet potato industry focuses on the development of high-quality fresh potatoes and high-quality processing materials for sweet potatoes. Actively do a good job in the planning and layout of new sweet potato varieties, the southern region promotes annual supply, avoiding centralized listing; suitable for water and drought rotation, breeding seed potatoes, overcoming continuous cropping obstacles, appropriately increasing planting density; demonstrating and promoting light and simplified cultivation techniques, improving processing Product grades, increase the added value of sweet potatoes, increase farmers' income.
- Regional layout. This area is a sweet potato advantage area mainly based on fresh food and auxiliary food processing. Coastal areas such as Weinan, Yuedong, Yuexi, Guangxi Fangchenggang, Beihai and Hainan Island are the concentrated belts of the fresh sweet potato industry. The hilly areas of northwestern Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guangdong are areas of superior food processing.
- Key technologies. Demonstrate the promotion of high-quality special varieties and their associated production and efficiency technologies, comprehensive prevention and control techniques for safe pests and diseases (especially anthill), detoxification and healthy seedling propagation techniques, and annual production technology of sweet potatoes.
- Farming mode.
It mainly adopts sweet potato single crop, sweet potato and bean crop rotation, sweet potato and rice rotation, and leafy sweet potato planting.
Total 1 | <First <Prev 1 Next> Last> |
share to:
Aromatherapy,or essential oils therapy,is using a plant's aroma -producing oils(essential oils)to teat disease.Essential oils are taken from natural plants or flowers,leaves,bark,rind,or roots,etc.The oils are mixed with another substance(such as oil, Alcohol ,lotion),put the oils to the skin,spray in the air or inhaled.
We provide kinds of Aromatherapy Essential Oils,such as,Orange Oil, Blumea Oil , Cedar Oil , Eucalyptus Oil , Tea Tree Oil ,Lavender Essential Oil, Ginger Oil , Lemongrass Oil , Lemon Oil , Chamomile Oil ,Pine needle oil/Fir oil, Grapefruit Oil ,Geranium oil, Rosemary Oil ,Rose oil, Cinnamon Oil , Ylang Ylang Oil , Frankincense Oil , Jojoba Oil , Rosehip Oil , Argan Oil ,Lychee Seed Oil ,Dill seed oil,Spearmint oil,Wintergreen oil,Basil oil Borneol oil,Rice (bran) oil,Clove oil,Clary sage oil,Carrot seed oil,Tangerine oil,Mandarin oil,Walnut oil,oregano oil,Clove bud oil, Rosewood Oil ,Thyme oil, Neroli Oil , Chili Oil , Jasmine Oil ,Lotus leaf oil,Osmanthus Oil,Perilla leaf oil, Litsea Cubeba Oil ,Bergamot oil,Croton oil,Hemp seed oil,Wormseed oil,Valerian oil,Spikenard oil, Onion Oil ,Cajaput oil,Pine tar oil,Bay leaf oil,Coriander seed oil,Juniperberry oil,Red perilla oil,Orange leaf oil,Azalea oil,Chrysanthemum Oil,White lotus oil,Fennel oil,Patchouli oil,Artemisia oil,Black pepper oil,Lemon eucalyptus oil, Sandalwood Oil ,Peppermint oil,Seabuckthorn Oil, Citronella Oil ,Palmarosa oil,White Orchid oil,Violet oil,Parsley oil,Celery seed oil,linalool Leaf Oil,Melissa essential oil,Radish oil,Calendula oil,Vetiver oil,Yellow sunflower seed oil,Petitgrain oil,Comfrey oil,Benzoin oil,Wood oil,and so on.
Bulk package:1kg,5kgs,10kgs,25kgs in a drum
Small private bottle package:10ml,20ml,30ml,50ml,100ml
Please contact us for more details.
Aromatherapy Essential Oil
Aromatherapy Essential Oils,Cedar Oil,Blumea Oil,Eucalyptus Oil
Jiangxi Global Natural Spice Co., Ltd. , https://www.chessentialoil.com