Researchers find a highly efficient solid electrolyte for magnesium ion batteries

Although we can hear the news about "Battery Technology Breakthrough" from three to five, lithium-ion batteries are still the most widely used and comprehensive performance of the best choice. Recently, however, a research team at the MIT Blog Lab and Argonne National Laboratory has developed a new type of solid-state material. It seems to be a good conductor of magnesium, promising a safer and more efficient battery. Lithium batteries are used in various fields, from mobile phones to electric vehicles. Although such metal materials are well served, there is still room for improvement in efficiency and price.

Through experiments conducted in the NMR laboratory, researchers have demonstrated that the new material is a highly efficient conductor of magnesium ions (via: Argonne National Laboratory)

In contrast, magnesium has a higher energy density and more reserves in the natural world, so it is hopeful to create a cheaper and more easily produced battery. However, if you use magnesium as a battery, you have to go through the stumbling block of electrolytes.

It is responsible for transferring the charge between the cathode and the anode of the battery. Although Toyota and KIT have recently focused on developing better liquid electrolytes, they tend to corrode other parts of the battery. So we changed our minds, why not try other types of electrolytes?

The coauthor of the paper, Gerbrand Ceder, said: Magnesium-based batteries is a brand-new technology, it does not have any good liquid electrolyte. So we thought that why not use a solid electrolyte instead?

The good news is that they have really developed a new material called “magnesium scandium selenide spinel”. This solid electrolyte allows magnesium ions to easily penetrate, and its electrical conductivity is even comparable to the solid electrolyte used in some lithium batteries.

Initial theoretical studies have predicted good results. For validation, the team performed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy experiments. The instrument can detect whether magnesium (or lithium) ions penetrate substances, but because of the complexity and lack of reference of new materials, it is difficult for them to interpret the data.

The research was performed by Pieremanuele Canepa: In addition to the traditional electrochemical characterization, these discoveries only made sense when combined with a variety of technical methods (solid state NMR and synchronous measurements at Argonne).

Even so, there are some issues that need to be resolved before this magnesium-based new material is used to create a real battery. For example, there is still a small amount of electronic leakage, and there is a need to improve the electron mobility. However, after the commercial use of solid-state batteries, its safety is still much higher than that of conventional liquid electrolyte batteries.

Details of this research have been published in the recently published Nature Communications journal.

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