Minimum amount of lubrication cutting technology: MQL (3)
The advantages of the MQL system include:
1. The synthetic grease and grease with high decomposability are used as lubricants. After processing, the cutters, workpieces and chips are still dry, no waste liquid treatment is required, no harm to the human body and no pollution to the environment;
2. Saving resources: the amount of oil supplied can reach 2~30mL per hour, which is about one ten thousandth of the traditional wet method;
3. Reduce the friction of the tool-workpiece, tool-chip, suppress the temperature rise, prevent the bonding, extend the life of the tool, and improve the quality of the machined surface;
4. Due to the minimum amount of cutting fluid used, the system is simple, small in size and easy to lay out.
MQL technology is a green processing technology with great development potential and broad application prospects. After a lot of research, the practical level of MQL is constantly improving. The following is a list of the world's scientific research on MQL in turning, milling and drilling. The processing materials include aluminum alloy and stainless steel.
1. Japanese scientist Toshiaki Wakabayashi used a P20 coated tool to process stainless steel with a hardness of 45HRC. In order to achieve efficient use of cutting oil, a two-nozzle MQL system was used, one for the rake face and the Other for the flank Each nozzle and tool are separated by 20mm. Experiments have shown that the system provides a smaller chip-to-tool friction coefficient than dry cutting; and it can enhance the cooling effect by using a large flow of compressed air to reduce tool wear and improve the quality of the machined surface.
2. Korean scientists Tao Jo Ko and Hee Sool Kim used MQL cooling technology to compare the cutting performance of TiN coated tools and CBN tools when turning hard materials. When machining a heat-treated bearing steel with a hardness of 62-64 HRC, spraying oil mist at the tip of the tool can reduce the wear of the TiN coated tool, and the life of the CBN tool can be extended by 30%. With MQL technology, the same cutting results can be achieved with low-cost TiN coated tools instead of expensive CBN tools.
3. British scientists Machado and Wallbank use MQL oil-cut medium carbon steel with a capacity of 200-300ml/h, compared with traditional large-scale cutting fluid cooling (5.1L/min), dry cutting, and air cooling. In low-speed, high-feed machining, MQL can significantly reduce cutting force; using MQL or air cooling is better at reducing vibration than using a large amount of cutting fluid.
4. Brazilian scientist Durval compared the two methods of MQL and a large amount of soluble oil cooling in the experiment of drilling aluminum-silicon alloy using uncoated K10 and diamond carbonized drill bits. The MQL system uses an air stream atomizing oil with a flow rate of 72 m3/h and a pressure of 4.5 bar. Experiments have shown that the oil flow has no significant effect on the tool wear; compared with the use of a large number of oil-soluble cutting fluids, the hole has better processing quality when using the MQL system compared to the use of a large amount of oil-soluble cutting fluid; using a diamond drill bit and no coating The layer drill has no significant difference in processing effect.
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