Lifting engineering safety technology control points
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I. General provisions for safety technology
1. Before the hoisting, the construction organization design or the scheduled construction plan should be prepared, and the safety technical points of lifting and hoisting and the technical measures for ensuring safety should be clarified.
2. The staff members who participate in the hoisting shall pass the physical examination and shall conduct safety technical education and safety technology disclosure before lifting.
3. Before the lifting work begins, carefully check the specifications and technical performance of the lifting and lifting equipment and the rigging, snap ring, clamp, anchor, etc., if any damage or looseness is found, it should be replaced or repaired immediately. The lifting equipment should be commissioned and operated. If it is found that the rotation is inflexible and the wear is timely, it should be repaired in time; the lifting of the important components can be carried out after the inspection of the normal parts.
Second, prevent falling from high altitude
1. Lifting staff should wear safety helmets; high-altitude workers should wear seat belts, wear non-slip shoes, and tool bags.
2. The hoisting work area should have obvious signs and be guarded by special personnel. Persons unrelated to lifting are strictly prohibited. When the crane is working, it is strictly forbidden to stand in the range of the radius of rotation of the boom.
3. When transporting or hoisting components, it is strictly forbidden to station and place materials and tools on the transported and hoisted components.
4. High-altitude construction workers should work on the operating platform or on the light ladder. The hoisting floor shall be provided with temporary protective barriers or other safety measures.
5. The ladder for climbing and the temporary operation platform should be tied firmly; the angle between the ladder and the ground should be 60-70 degrees, and the springboard of the console should be flattened and tied.
Third, anti-objects fall and hurt people
1. When transporting objects to the ground at high altitude, apply the rope bundle and hang it. Do not stack or hang sporadic objects on the components during lifting. Sporadic materials and articles must be tied and fastened with hanging ropes before they can be lifted and transported. Material objects and tools must not be thrown at will to prevent slipping and injury or accidents.
2. The components must be tied firmly. The lifting point should pass through the center of gravity of the component. It should be stable when lifting, avoiding vibration or swing.
3. When lifting the components, the speed should not be too fast, and should not stay at high altitude for too long. It is strictly forbidden to rise and fall sharply to prevent the components from falling off.
4. After the components are temporarily fixed in place, do not loosen and untie the lifting rigging. After the components are fixed, the connection should be checked for stability and stability. When the connection is determined to be safe, the fixing tool can be unpacked for further lifting.
5. Wind and snow days, frosty days and rainy days should be carried out with necessary anti-slip measures, and nighttime operations should be fully illuminated.
Fourth, prevent the crane from tipping over
1. The road on which the crane is driven must be flat, solid and reliable, and the parking place must be flat.
2. The whole machine should not be parked on the slope road. It is not allowed to cover the two belts or the legs of the crane. The height of the pile is high or low or the soil is hard and soft.
3. When lifting the components, the slings should be kept vertical and should not be dragged diagonally beyond the radius of rotation of the crane to avoid overloading and wire rope slipping or pulling off the ropes, so that the crane components should be damaged when the crane components are damaged.
4. The boom should be lifted, lowered and turned smoothly. It should not be shaken in the air. At the same time, it should try to avoid the occurrence of emergency braking or shock vibration. Without the approval of the relevant technical department, the whole machine is strictly prohibited from being overloaded and hoisted to avoid accelerating the wear of mechanical parts and causing the crane to tip over.
5. Cranes should try to avoid full-load driving; at full load or near full load, it is strictly forbidden to carry out lifting and turning at the same time, causing overloading of the crane due to uneven road or inertial force and causing a rollover accident.
6. When two lifting machines are working at the same time, the safety distance between the suspension hooks of the two machines should be more than 5 meters to avoid collision accidents.
7. When lifting the lifting unit, it is necessary to carry out reasonable load distribution according to the lifting capacity of the crane (the weight of the lifting weight shall not exceed 80% of the safe load of the total weight of the two cranes). During operation, the action must be coordinated under unified command, while lifting and moving, and both cranes should be kept in a vertical state. The drivers of the two cranes must work closely together to prevent one crane from losing weight and overloading the other.
8. When hoisting, there should be a person responsible for unified command. The commander should be located at the location where the operator can see the vision, and can clearly see the whole process of lifting, familiar with the lifting signal, and operate according to various signals of the commander. The command signal shall be uniformly defined in advance, and the signal to be transmitted shall be clear and accurate.
9. When the wind is equal to or greater than six, it is forbidden to carry out crane movement and lifting work in the open air.
10. When the crane stops working, the swing and travel mechanism should be stopped and the driver's cab door should be locked. Do not hang the components on the hooks and raise them to a height to avoid swaying and injuring people.
Fifth, the anti-lifting structure is unstable
1. The hoisting of components shall be carried out in accordance with the prescribed lifting process and procedures. Without calculation and taking reliable technical measures, the installation of the process shall not be arbitrarily changed or reversed.
2. The components are hoisted in place and should be unloaded by the primary school and temporarily fixed or connected reliably. After the final fixing, the temporary fixing tools can be removed. Straight ropes or diagonal braces should be provided before the single piece of high width or the final fixed part of a stable unit system.
3. After the component is fixed, it is not allowed to move or move the position at will. If it needs to be re-calibrated, it must be hooked back.
Sixth, to prevent electric shock
1. The hoisting site shall have a person responsible for installing, maintaining and managing the electrical lines and equipment.
2. When the component is transported, the crane is working under the wire or when driving along the wire, the horizontal or vertical distance between the highest point of the component or boom and the wire shall comply with the safety regulations.
3. Other types of cranes and steel derricks using tower cranes or long booms should have lightning protection and electric shock-proof equipment. All electrical machinery must have good grounding and grounding resistance greater than 4 ohms, and regularly conduct ground-level resistance test. .
(Source: Intrinsically Safe Network)
[Editor: Chen Guofang]
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