Introduction to the drive and control system of CNC machine tools (Figure)

Servo drive computer control system CNC control software

First, the composition of the computer numerical control system and the functions of each part

For CNC machine tools, the main control contents are:

(1) Function control: The control information is automatically read in, so that the numerical control system establishes the corresponding working state, thereby controlling the corresponding action of the machine tool. Such as lubrication, coolant supply, spindle motor opening and closing, speed control, and axis function control.

(2) Position control: Control the position or trajectory of the relative movement of the tool and the workpiece. It is realized by the feed servo control system. By controlling each coordinate axis, the tool is moved according to the equation of the given curve to process the space curve (or surface) of the part.

(3) Signal processing: Analyze and process the status signals obtained during system operation, and output corresponding results. Such as: tool in-position signal, workbench overtravel signal, and other detection signal input processing. Once the system receives these signals, the system will issue corresponding actions, such as the workbench overtravel protector alarm.

For the requirements of machine control functions, the computer numerical control system has corresponding functional modules, and its composition principle is shown in Figure 4-1.

Input and output device

Input device: mainly used to input programs and data. Common input devices: keyboard, photoelectric input machine.

Output device: It is mainly used to provide various information and data to the operator to keep abreast of the control process. Commonly used output devices: computer numerical control (Computer Numerical Control) devices such as printers, recorders, digital displays and CRT monitors and tape punchers, referred to as CNC devices, which are dedicated computers that use stored programs, mainly for numerical values. Logical operations for real-time control of the machine. It consists of a CPU, a memory, an input/output interface circuit, and the like.

Printer recorder digital display CRT display

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