The health control of nursery pigs is mainly composed of four parts: drinking water, medicine, medicine, immunization, and daily treatment.
1 Drinking water plus medicine As mentioned above, weaning is a big stress on piglets. Therefore, how to reduce weaning stress is an important part of successful breeding of nursery pigs. Piglets are reluctant to feed when they are weaned, but can find drinking water in a short period of time. Adding electrolytes and multi-dimensionality to the drinking water of nursery pigs can relieve the stress response to a large extent to improve the resistance of piglets. The ideal method of drinking water is to use a drinking water dispenser connected to the pipeline, which is relatively simple and accurate. Due to the high price of the dosing device, the valve can be pre-installed on the inlet pipe of each nursery house, and the dosing device can be connected when needed, and the nursery rooms can be used in turn. Due to sudden weaning, piglets do not have the antibody protection provided by breast milk, and various pathogens in the intestine will multiply. And because of its low resistance, it is easy to infect various respiratory diseases. Therefore, in the first 1-2 weeks after weaning, a broad-spectrum antibiotic can be added to the drinking water by means of drinking water. The added drugs should be changed at any time according to different seasons and disease prevalence. Note: The drug must be water-soluble. If the solubility is not good, stir it frequently to avoid the effect of drug precipitation.
2 Feed dosing Copper and zinc are the trace elements necessary for pig growth, and they also promote growth and bactericidal action. In the mid to late 1980s, copper played an important role in weaned pig feed, so that most pig farms evaluated the quality of the feed by whether the color of the pig manure was black. In order to cater to the customer's psychology, some feed manufacturers have also added high copper to the growing fattening pig feed that does not require high copper. The resulting pig manure seriously pollutes the environment. In the mid-1990s, zinc gradually replaced the position of copper, and the effect was better than copper. Adding more than 2000mg/kg of zinc to the early weaned pigs can effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli and increase the growth rate, but the use time should not be too long. Many feed manufacturers have added high levels of antibiotics to early weaned pig feed to prevent squatting in weaned piglets. However, because the newly weaned piglets have less feed intake, the effect is not as good as drinking water. In the latter stage of the feed, most of the farms purchase branded pellets produced by the feed company, so it is more difficult to add medicine. If the late stage of the nursery pig is processed by itself or specially processed to the feed company, the feed is relatively easy. In pig farms with poor health, the maternal antibodies gradually disappear after 2 weeks of weaning, and various diseases are manifested. The common respiratory diseases are common, so each field can be based on the prevalence of the disease. In the case, before the onset of symptoms, add medicine in the feed 7 to 10 days in advance. For drugs that are prone to drug resistance, pulsed dosing can be used.
3 Immunization Vaccination is mainly to prevent the occurrence of high-risk diseases. For those low-risk diseases, it is not economically cost-effective. Under normal circumstances, the maternal antibody has a certain protective effect on the piglets for a period of time after weaning. Over time, antibody levels continue to decline until loss of protection. If the vaccination time is too early, and there is a high antibody level in the piglet, the vaccine and the antibody neutralize and cause the immune failure. If the vaccination time is too late, the maternal antibody is not enough to resist the attack of pathogenic microorganisms, and may be infected with the disease. Therefore, antibody assays should be performed prior to the development of the immunization program to determine the optimal immunization time. After the immunization program is established, antibody monitoring is also performed regularly. If the antibody level is found to be not high enough, it is necessary to analyze the cause in time to make appropriate adjustments to ensure the success of the immunization. Large-scale intensive pig farms generally adopt a full-fledged production mode, which is relatively healthy. And once the disease is on, it is easier to control. Therefore, in the stage of nursery pigs, only a few vaccines must be injected, such as swine fever, foot and mouth disease, and other vaccines can be used seasonally or temporarily according to actual conditions, such as pseudorabies. Some farms have more diseases because they are built earlier. And the layout is poor, the delivery room and the nursery house can not do all the way, all kinds of bacterial diseases can not be effectively controlled, only by injecting various vaccines to reduce the morbidity and mortality. Vaccines such as Haemophilus parasuis, mycoplasmal pneumonia, atrophic rhinitis, pleuropneumonia, streptococcal encephalitis are commonly used. However, it should be noted that nursery pigs should be vaccinated as little as possible, especially bacterial vaccines to reduce stress. If you need to inject a bacterial vaccine, you should avoid conflicts with drinking water and medicine. Nursery pigs around 60 days of age should work to remove parasites from outside the body. To ensure the growth and development of piglets, improve feed compensation.
4 Daily treatment Conventional nursery homes usually use fully slatted floors and free-feeding troughs, so the usual workload is not large, so the breeder should strengthen the observation of piglets, especially piglets within 1 week of weaning. Sick pigs should be treated promptly. If they are not immediately available, they should be transferred to the sick pig pen for further treatment. After treatment, the back should be marked to distinguish the injected drugs and the number of times, and make a record. In addition to diarrhea and respiratory diseases, common diseases of weaned piglets should also pay attention to the swelling of the leg joints and knee joints. If the number of sick pigs with the same symptoms increases, and the trend is rapid, the corresponding antibiotics should be added to the drinking water according to clinical symptoms. At the same time, the disease is diagnosed by veterinary anatomy and laboratory diagnosis to control the disease as soon as possible. On relatively poor health farms, for some common diseases, especially respiratory diseases, some drugs may be added to the feed one to two weeks before the symptoms occur to reduce or alleviate clinical symptoms.
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