The vigorous development momentum of wind power in China is obvious to all. In the past five years, China has been the country with the fastest growth in wind power installed capacity and the largest installed capacity of new wind power. In 2012, it has become the world’s largest wind power grid-connected country. The annual output of wind power exceeds 100 billion kwh for the first time . Recently, relevant responsible comrades of the State Grid Corporation pointed out that the power grid has done a lot of work in promoting the development of wind power. In the next step, the State Grid Corporation of China will continue to strengthen the construction of cross-regional transmission channels, build a strong smart grid, strengthen power dispatching, actively contribute its efforts to solve existing problems of wind dispersal, and promote the healthy and orderly development of China's new energy industry.
Average annual growth of grid-connected wind power capacity in the State Grid operating region by 79%
In 2012, the grid-connected capacity of the State Grid Corporation of China (including Mengxi) continued to grow. As of the end of December 2012, wind power grid connection capacity reached 56.76 million kilowatts, an increase of 29% over the same period of last year, accounting for 6.05% of the total installed capacity of the entire network. From 2005 to 2012, the annual grid-connected wind power capacity of the State Grid Corporation of China increased by 79%.
According to CEC statistics, the increase in wind power capacity in 2012 decreased by 24.7% from the previous year. Despite the slowdown, China is still the world’s fastest growing wind power.
According to the data from the State Grid, wind power consumption in 2012 was generally stable, wind power generation continued to increase, and wind power generation utilization hours remained the same as last year. For the whole year of 2012, the cumulative generating capacity of wind power in the operating areas of the State Grid Corporation reached 96.8 billion kWh, an increase of 37% year-on-year. The national wind power generation utilization hours were 1,893 hours, an increase of 18 hours compared with the same period of last year. Except for Northeast China Power Grid, wind power generation utilization hours of North China, Northwest China, and East China Power Grid all increased year-on-year.
With the expansion of wind power grid integration in recent years, the State Grid Corporation of China has adjusted the dispatch schedule and insisted on taking wind power as the center every day to coordinate the operation of thermal power generation and hydropower generating units. In particular, the northwest, north, and northeast regions have taken on-line monitoring of heating load in real time. Measure measures such as thermal power adjustment capability, and make full use of the peak capacity of thermal power units to maximize the acceptance of wind power. In view of the weak local grid network and insufficient power transmission capacity, in 2011, the State Grid Corporation of China improved the wind power generation capacity by 1.9 billion kWh through 53 sets of security control systems deployed in the “Three North†region, alleviating the contradiction of wind power consumption. .
In the issue of eliminating wind power, cross-regional power grids have played a significant role. State Grid Corporation of Science arranges the operation mode scientifically and purchases and liaises the line plan, exerts the potential of peaking and peaking across regions and maximizes the capacity of the grid to absorb wind power. For example, the North China Network has deepened the potential of peak adjustment and helped the Northeastern China Power Grid and Western Inner Mongolia Power Grid to absorb low-voltage wind power. In 2012, it has cumulatively consumed 450 million kwh and 160 million kilowatt-hours of wind power in Mengxi and northeast China respectively.
Make full use of the advantages of large grids to ensure maximum integration of wind power
According to statistics, at present, the proportion of wind power installed capacity in China has reached 5.3% of the total installed capacity, which is equivalent to that of the United States. However, the geographical conditions and the distribution of energy resources have determined that the consumption of wind power in China must have special characteristics. Compared with foreign countries, on the one hand, China's wind resources are concentrated and large-scale, far from the load center, it is difficult to absorb on the spot, and foreign wind resources are relatively dispersed, more than 80% of wind power received distribution system below 10 kV, easy on-site On the other hand, China's northwest, north China and northeast regions with concentrated wind power have a single power supply structure, and the proportion of flexible power supply such as pumped-storage and gas-fired power stations is less than 2%. In particular, due to the large heat-generating unit in the winter, there is basically no peak-shaving capability. However, the proportion of gas-fired power stations and pumped-storage power stations that are rapidly tracking the load in Europe and the United States is high. Therefore, the ability of the grid to accept wind power is limited.
The relevant responsible comrades of the State Grid Corporation pointed out: "In the face of so many difficulties, the State Grid has taken full advantage of the unified management and unified dispatch of the large-scale power grid, and has ensured the maximum integration of wind power."
In spite of this, since the rapid development of wind power in China since 2008, the annual growth of power generation capacity has exceeded 8 million kilowatts, and it has been concentrated in several key regions. The scale of wind power development has rapidly exceeded the capacity of the region to absorb, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Mengdong and other parts Disqualification has begun to appear at different levels in the region. Since the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, wind speed growth in these regions has been significantly higher than that of load growth and the growth rate of power supply has been flexibly adjusted, resulting in an unbalanced system power supply structure. The capacity for dissipated power has not been able to meet the dramatic increase in demand for wind power, and the hours of wind power utilization have decreased significantly. Discarded wind conditions further highlighted.
Taking Jilin Province as an example, by 2012, the wind power output accounted for 33.7% of the largest load, wind power installed capacity reached 3.3 million kilowatts, 1.1 million kilowatts more than in 2010, and the province’s wind power capacity was 1.4 million kilowatts, only 200,000. In kilowatts, wind power installed capacity has reached 2.4 times the capacity of the province, and the peak of system peak shaving has been prominent.
For the recent individual media reports that "the country's 2012 annual wind-discharge power is about 20 billion kWh," the relevant personage of the State Grid Corporation of China stated that it "has no basis." “There is no unified method for the calculation of the current capacity of abandoned winds, and the sources of the data are also inconsistent. This results in large differences in results and is not authoritative.†In response, Li Qionghui, director of the New Energy Research Institute of the State Grid Energy Research Institute, holds similar views: “At present, the algorithm and basis for the amount of wind-removal power have not yet been known. According to the “Calculation Method for Wind Discharge of Wind Farms (Trial)†previously released by the Electricity Regulatory Commission, the method for calculating the amount of wind-remaining wind generally adopts a model machine method, and the number of model machines is selected. In principle, no more than 10% of the number of wind turbines is required. Power dispatching agencies at all levels can determine the number of model machines based on the actual limited conditions of wind power."
Judging from the measures issued by the Electricity Regulatory Commission, only the dispatching agencies are the most authoritative agencies for releasing wind power. The documents of the SERC were issued on December 19, 2012. Therefore, according to the measures of the Electricity Regulatory Commission, the amount of wind-discharging electricity for the whole year of 2012 is still not available.
Li Qionghui said that in order to solve the problem of wind dispersal, the State Grid Corporation has made significant efforts and unremitting efforts. "The analysis of the cause of the abandonment of wind and the complete resolution of this phenomenon are not a matter for a power grid company."
Accelerate the planning and construction of trans-regional transmission channels
According to responsible comrades of the State Grid Corporation of China, the fundamental approach to controlling the growth of wind power for abandoning wind and reducing the proportion of wind blows is to solve the problem of difficulty in peak load adjustment and the lack of a market for local consumption as soon as possible. How to take fundamental measures to increase the development efficiency of wind power is the key that the society needs to really pay attention to. “The key to the current situation is that the link between the regional power grids is still very weak, and it is difficult to adapt to the demand for the next-generation large-scale development and transportation of wind power. It is difficult to significantly improve the current power supply flexibility in the short term, and it is difficult for local market space cultivation and demand-side management to be effective in the short term. Under the circumstance, accelerating the construction of cross-regional transmission channels, especially accelerating the construction of UHV transmission lines and expanding the scope of wind power consumption, is an effective way to solve the problem of wind power consumption in the “Three North†region of China. He believes that the most urgent task is to solve the problem. The issue of approval and construction of cross-regional UHV and other related transmission lines is relatively lagging behind.
Li Qionghui believes that the planning issue is the root cause of the abandonment of wind. “At present, the development plan of wind power re-exploits and neglects to consume the market. It does not effectively link up with power grid planning and conventional power supply planning. Clearly, coupled with the relative lag in power grid approval, the construction period is generally longer than wind farms, which will inevitably lead to abandonment of the wind."
In order to alleviate the phenomenon of abandoning wind, the State Grid Corporation of China has played a role in dispatching and reducing as much as possible the amount of thermal power generated so that wind power can be fully accessed. In terms of the construction of export routes, grid companies are also actively planning. Li Qionghui suggested that, in addition to the efforts of power grid companies, the planning work at the source should also be full of work. “Especially the development planning of wind power bases should do a good job of connecting the market research and supporting power grid planning. It is not the work within the capabilities of the grid companies.†In addition to the planning, wind farm projects and grid-related supporting projects should also be approved as much as possible. "In order to ensure the smooth development of this series of work, the competent department of energy must play an active role in coordination."
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