Detailed classification and characteristics of building membrane materials
At present, the widely recognized standards for architectural membranes are classified into three categories A, B and C as defined by JISA-93 of Japan, which are classified according to their fireproof performance.
Class A is the best, and PTFE is coated with glass fiber fabric as the substrate;
B type B is the second, and the glass fiber fabric is coated with PVC as the base material;
Class C is the most advanced of the three types, and is made of PVC (polyester) fabric as the substrate.
At the same time, according to the coating material, there are polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), rubber and the like.
PTFE architectural membrane
The PTFE membrane is a material obtained by coating a polytetrafluoroethylene fabric with a polytetrafluoroethylene resin. This film has good welding performance, excellent UV resistance, aging resistance and flame retardant properties.
In addition, its anti-fouling and self-cleaning properties are the best among all architectural membranes, but the flexibility is poor, the construction is difficult, and the cost is also amazing. Some companies have developed permanent membranes using basic properties. The processing method is to quickly insert the glass fabric into the Teflon melt several times, so that the fabric has uniform Teflon on both sides, making the permanent PTFE membrane Formally born. At present, the development and application of such membranes are relatively mature abroad, and there are many manufacturers, such as Mehler, Verseidag, Japan, Taiyoko-gyo, Zhongxing Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Chemfab, Saudi Arabia, ObeiKan, etc.
Glass fiber PVC building membrane
The development and application of this kind of membrane is relatively early. It is usually prescribed that the thickness of the PVC coating on the intersection of the warp and weft of the glass fiber fabric should not be less than 0.2 mm. Generally, the coating layer is not too thick and can meet the requirements for use. In order to improve the aging resistance of PVC itself, some light and heat stabilizers are often added to the coating. A light transparent product should be added with a certain amount of UV absorber, and a dark product is often added with carbon black as a stabilizer. In addition, there are many methods for surface treatment of PVC. A very thin metal film or aluminum spray can be laminated on PVC, and mica or quartz can be used to prevent surface stickiness and staining.
Glass fiber silicone resin architectural membrane
The silicone resin has excellent resistance to high and low temperature, water repellency, oxidation resistance, etc. The film has high tensile strength and elastic modulus, and also has good light transmittance. The Vestar film developed by Owens Corning Company of the United States is made of this kind of resin coated with glass fiber cloth. At present, there are not many applications of this kind of film, and there are few manufacturers.
Glass fiber synthetic rubber architectural membrane
Synthetic rubber (such as nitrile rubber, neoprene) has good toughness, stable to sunlight, ozone, heat aging, outstanding wear resistance, chemical resistance and flame retardancy, can achieve translucent state, but it is easy to send Yellow, so it is generally used for dark coatings. Expanded PTFE architectural membrane. A PTFE resin film is obtained by attaching a fluororesin film to both sides of a base fabric woven from expanded PTFE fibers. Because of its high cost, the general construction considers both cost and performance, and this type of membrane is rarely used. At present, there are not many foreign manufacturers.
ETFE architectural membrane
Made directly from ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) raw meal. ETFE not only has excellent impact resistance, electrical properties, thermal stability and chemical resistance, but also high mechanical strength and good processing performance. In recent years, the application of ETFE film has been able to replace other products in many aspects and has shown strong advantages and market prospects. This film is particularly good in light transmission, known as "soft glass", light in weight, only 1% of the same size glass; good toughness, high tensile strength, not easy to be torn, ductility greater than 400%; weather resistance and resistance Strong chemical corrosion, melting temperature up to 200 ° C; can effectively use natural light, save energy; good acoustic performance. The self-cleaning function makes the surface less susceptible to contamination, and the rain washes away a small amount of contaminated dirt. The cleaning cycle is about 5 years. In addition, the ETFE film can be pre-formed into film bubbles in the ready-made, easy to construct and repair. ETFE also has shortcomings. If the external environment is easy to damage materials, it will cause air leakage and high maintenance costs. However, with the construction of large stadiums, tourist places, waiting halls, etc., ETFE will highlight its advantages. At present, there are few companies producing such membranes. Only a few companies such as ASAHIGLASS (AGC), Asahi Glass, and Keweier of Germany can provide ETFE membranes. The development and application of such membranes are not only in developed countries. A few years of history.
Tempered Glass is often used in applications where using standard glass could pose a potential danger. Tempered glass is stronger than standard glass and does not shatter into large shards when broken. This is important, because it can greatly minimize potential danger in the case of a break. Manufactured through a process of extreme heating and rapid cooling, tempered glass is much harder than normal glass.
Tempered or toughened glass is a type of safety glass processed by controlled thermal to increase its strength compared with normal glass. Tempering puts the outer surfaces into compression and the interior into tension. Such stresses cause the glass, when broken, to crumble into small granular chunks instead of splintering into jagged shards as plate glass (a.k.a. annealed glass) does. The granular chunks are less likely to cause injury.
Clear tempered glass is most widely used windows, doors, partitions, shower room, table top, glass wall and so on. It is substrate, it can be processed into printed tempered glass, back painted tempered glass, frosted tempered glass and so on.
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