Cucumber disease in winter greenhouse

Nowadays, cucumber cultivation in the greenhouse has artificially created conditions for warming and heat preservation, avoiding the catastrophic climate, accelerating the growth process, and making it premature and productive. This greenhouse-specific growth environment also provides suitable conditions for the development and prevalence of pathogens, especially in the early winter season, the cucumber is highly susceptible to bacterial diseases, so the author summarizes several bacterial diseases commonly found in cucumber production. In summary, the reference to several grassroots agricultural technicians such as Yin Kezhong of Tianliu Town Vegetable Hospital in Shouguang City and Fanjia Kong Lingxin of Shengcheng Street Office in Shouguang City provided reasonable control measures.
Bacterial angular leaf spot is mainly harmful to the leaves. At the beginning of the disease, the back of the leaf is initially water-soaked, no mildew, and the surface of the leaf appears as a tumor-like protrusion at the beginning. It is fresh yellow at first, gradually darkens, and then the top of the tumor gradually turns white and ruptures. .
Bacterial leaf blight is mainly harmful to the leaves. At the beginning of the disease, the leaves are initially immersed in chlorotic plaques, gradually expanding into a round or polygonal brown spot, and the back of the diseased leaves is sterile.
The leaves, fruits, stems and tendrils of bacterial edge blight can be harmed. The leaf parts are stained with small spots in the vicinity of the stomata, and then enlarged into pale brown irregular spots, surrounded by halos, and severe flooding occurs. Spotted. The lesions on the petiole, stem, and tendril are also water-soaked and brown. When the fruit is infected, the tip of the fruit is yellowed and wilted, and after dehydration, it becomes dry.
Bacterial round spot disease is mainly harmful to leaves, and sometimes it is harmful to young stems, seedlings and fruits. At the beginning of the disease, the yellowing area appears on the leaf surface, and the back of the leaf surface is water-stained, and the lesion spreads to a round or nearly round shape. The middle of the spot is translucent, and there is a yellow halo around the lesion, and the pus is not obvious. Young stems are infected, the stems are cracked, and the seedlings are infected, causing death. The fruit is infected, and a round gray spot is formed on the fruit, and there is a yellow dry mushroom pus.
In the early stage of bacterial wilt disease, dark green water-stained spots appear on the leaves, the stems are thinned, and water stains at both ends, and the leaves above the diseased parts are wilting. The disease spread rapidly, and soon the whole plant died. The cut vine was squeezed by hand and there was a white pus overflow.
The transmission path of seed-borne bacteria is the main route of bacterial disease transmission. The field disease residue is the main carrier of bacteria overwintering and becomes the source of infection in the second year. In addition to the case of bacterial wilt, the disease is a systemic disease, and the pathogen is transmitted by the yellow beetle. The onset temperature range is 10 to 30 ° C, the temperature is 24 to 28 ° C, and the relative humidity is 70% or more. Therefore, the warm and humid environment of the winter warm shed is conducive to the growth of cucumber and the bacterial disease is also harmful.
The comprehensive control method uses the disease-resistant variety. The thorny cucumber is more resistant to bacterial diseases, and the thorn-free cucumber, oilseed, etc. are susceptible to bacterial diseases, and the friends of the vegetable farmers pay attention to the selection.
Seeds are sterilized and soaked in warm water of 55 °C for 20 minutes before sowing, remove and germination or sowing, or soaked with 800 times potassium permanganate solution for 15 to 20 minutes; or 1 million units of agricultural streptomycin 500 times liquid soaking seeds 2 After rinsing, rinse or sown.
Strengthen management (1) Conditional place adopts soilless seedling method to raise seedlings. The ratio of matrix is ​​3:1 for charcoal: vermiculite, 10 kg of disinfected chicken manure per square meter, 1 kg of diammonium phosphate, 2 kg of potassium sulfate Mix well and add to the nutrient bowl or 50-hole black plug to raise seedlings. (2) The growth period of cucumber in the early stage is long, especially in the aspect of fertilizer and water, avoiding excessive watering at one time and using too much nitrogen fertilizer. Even the weather should be kept out of the wind and drained. Temperature and humidity The temperature in the seedbed needs to reach 24 °C ~ 30 °C during the day, 18 °C ~ 22 °C during the night, not lower than 15 °C. After grafting, the temperature should be relatively lowered, 23 ° C ~ 24 ° C during the day, 16 ° C ~ 18 ° C during the night. Low temperature refining is carried out one week before planting. Especially at night, the temperature should not be too high to cultivate strong seedlings. (3) Remove the diseased leaves in time, bring the disease out of the countryside, and bury it deeply or burn it. Clean up the sick body after harvest and clean the garden.
Commonly used agents for drug control include thiabendone, bacterial azole cyanide, antibiotics and other alternating leaf back spray; in the early stage of the disease, once every 5 days, the first period of 3 days, the control effect can reach more than 93%.
It is also possible to spray agricultural streptomycin, 50% nail cream copper, or streptomycin sulfate or 72% agricultural streptomycin at the beginning of the disease, spray once every 7 days, and spray 3 to 4 times.

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