Black silicon technology route clear polycrystalline challenge common single crystal market share

Since the popularization of PERC technology, monocrystalline solar products continue to threaten the market share of polycrystalline. Polycrystalline manufacturers have therefore begun to pay attention to the black silicon process, trying to improve the conversion efficiency of the battery by using black silicon to improve the silicon-cut wafer, and to find new market opportunities for the huge polycrystalline capacity.
Compared with the traditional sand-cut polysilicon wafer, the diamond wire is cut faster, the quality of the cut silicon wafer is stable, and the cost per wafer can be reduced by 6 to 10 cents. However, the surface of the diamond-cut silicon wafer is too smooth, so that sunlight is easily reflected and cannot be absorbed by the battery, which reduces conversion efficiency. Surface blanching must be performed for this purpose, and one of the most visible techniques is called black silicon.

Two types, three processes
Black silicon is an existing technology that has come back with the diamond wire cutting silicon wafers. In 2016, many manufacturers have begun to invest in black silicon research. China's Artes, Jingao, Jingke, BYD and other first-line manufacturers, Japanese factory Kyocera and some Taiwanese factories are included.
Black silicon is mainly divided into dry and wet methods, and there are many classifications. At present, the main black silicon technologies on the market are dry, wet and additive; the additives are classified as wet, but there is no silver nitrate solvent used in the standard wet method. The main differences of the three processes are as follows: Considering the current technology development and equipment cost, EnergyTrend analysts believe that the 2017 black silicon technology route has gradually converge toward the additive process, and the dry method still has room for further development. In contrast, the silver nitrate solvent used in the wet process has environmental pollution concerns and is a relatively unfavorable property. In addition, the wet method is not as good as the dry method in terms of efficiency improvement, and it is not as good as the additive in terms of cost reduction, and its competitiveness is still to be examined.

The main competition object is general single crystal
If the black silicon polycrystalline battery is superimposed with the PERC technology, the conversion efficiency can reach about 19~20%; plus the cost reduced by the diamond wire cutting, the direct challenge in the cost performance will be the status of the general single crystal. In addition, the single crystal is limited by the fact that the production capacity of the silicon wafer is not as good as that of the polycrystalline silicon. It is difficult to flip the market share of polycrystalline silicon at the same time, and the market space for the black silicon polycrystal with better cost performance is relatively open.
The single crystal PERC will officially enter the mainstream market of high-efficiency products in 2017 as the technology matures. This is known from the phenomenon that many manufacturers actively expand production and market demand is also heating up.
EnergyTrend analysts estimate that the black silicon technology route will be clear in the first half of 2017 and will begin mass production in the second half of 2017. How the market reacts to black silicon polycrystalline batteries will affect the future development of black silicon.

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